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09.f1 City Attorney Report - Administrative Code Enforcement Citations and Civil PenaltiesPage 1 of 3 ECKBERG LAMMERS CITY ATTORNEY STAFF REPORT Date: December 14, 2023 To: City of Scandia Mayor and City Council From: Eric Larson, City Attorney Subject: City of Scandia Administrative Code Enforcement, Citations, and Civil Penalties INTRODUCTION City code enforcement is a difficult challenge for most if not all statutory and charter cities in the State of Minnesota. This Scandia City Attorney staff report sets forth some suggestions and talking points for the Scandia City Council to consider and provide direction to Scandia staff on revisions to Scandia City Code Chapter 32, Administrative Citations and Civil Penalties. DISCUSSION City staff is interested in any and all ideas as to how to improve the City’s code enforcement process and will certainly act on the City Council’s directives accordingly. The attached Scandia City Code Chapter 32, Administrative Citations and Civil Penalties is an initial rough draft containing some suggested redlines and further identifies some sections (highlighted in yellow) for possible revisions. A clean version is also attached. The redline provisions are somewhat self-explanatory and, regardless, will also be further explained during the verbal report to the City Council. Below, however, is the thinking behind a major revision area to be discussed around the question as to what type of code enforcement hearing and appeal process would the Council like to have? Currently, under section 32.01, entitled “PROCEDURES,” if a resident disputes a code violation and/or the fine amount, then a resident may request a hearing and then a hearing officer is selected from an approved list of lawyers. Code Enforcement Hearing Committee. The City Administrator and City Attorney have had many discussions and recommend that the City Council consider creating a Code Enforcement Hearing Committee that would have two primary functions: (1) Hear and decide Code Enforcement Actions, and (2) Advise the City Council on code amendments related to code enforcement and revisions to related city policies. The concept in part is to create a committee of resident peers to ensure the city’s code is honored by all residents and hear a resident’s dispute Page 2 of 3 that the code is wrongly being applied against that resident. Each member of the committee would be deemed a “Hearing Officer” and the Committee itself would be deemed to be a “Public Officer” under Minnesota Statutes section 609.415. Composition. The Code Enforcement Hearing Committee would be comprised of residents appointed by the Council. I recommend that the Committee size be at least 3 members but probably no more than 5. Upon a resident’s hearing request, the Committee would hear and decide the matter. Committee Meeting and Hearing Dates. The Code Enforcement Hearing Committee would meet on an established annual schedule, semi-annually or quarterly, but if for any reason the Committee needs to meet earlier than the regularly scheduled meeting, then the City Administrator may notice a hearing date. Currently the code is silent about when a hearing by a Hearing Officer will be held. Rather, the code mere provides that a resident must be notified of the hearing 20 days in advance of the hearing date. Maybe as a guideline, a person seeking a hearing should reasonably expect a hearing no later than ___ days from the date the person requests the hearing per City code? Trying to schedule 3-5 committee members as well as work with the schedule of a resident can sometimes be challenging, another discussion point for the City Council. Appeal. Recommend that the appeal be changed from the Minnesota Court of Appeals to the Washington County District Court. Under the current code, if either a resident or the city disputes the hearing officer’s decision, then an appeal is made to the Minnesota Court of Appeals. I recommend the City Council consider having the appeal be made directly to the Washington County district court. Unlike the court of appeals, (1) the district court is more like to exercise the authority to order specific performance on the resident and, furthermore, permit the city to enter onto the property to take appropriate corrective action if the resident does not, and (2) the district court possesses clear statutory authority to impose city costs as an assessment on the property as well as additional legal remedies the City may want to seek. And, if for any reason the City needs to expedite court action, then the district court is probably a better venue for quicker action than the Minnesota Court of Appeals. Nothing against the Court of Appeals, rather, district courts are established to expedite decisions in matters such as a code enforcement action. Payment for Hearing Costs. The code has the non-prevailing party paying for the hearing costs, which are presumably the attorneys’ fees. If a Code Enforcement Committee is the direction from the City Council, then the Council would need to decide the appropriate compensation for the committee members, in part, to establish hearing costs. Alternative Approaches. There are other code enforcement hearing alternatives such as 1. Hearing Officer (i.e., maintain or revise current structure) 2. Assign to a current City Committee, such as Planning Commission, 3. City Council, Page 3 of 3 4. Code Enforcement Hearing Committee, (recommended by City staff), or 5. Other (?) RECOMMENDATION The City Administrator and City Attorney recommend revising Chapter 32 along the lines as attached and, furthermore, recommend creating a Code Enforcement Hearing Committee. The Code Enforcement Hearing Committee approach will provide a community-based code enforcement hearing process. In addition, by applying its experiences, the Committee can also provide an important advisory function for recommended improvements to the City’s codes and policies. ATTACHMENTS: Chapter 32: Administrative Citations and Civil Penalties (redline) Chapter 32: Administrative Citations and Civil Penalties (Revised – Clean Version) CHAPTER 32: ADMINISTRATIVE CODE ENFORCEMENT, CITATIONS AND CIVIL PENALTIES Section 32.01 Application 32.02 Findings; purpose and intent 32.03 General provisions 32.04 Procedures 32.05 Recovery of civil penalties 32.06 Criminal penalties 32.07 Incorporated policies and standards § 32.01 APPLICATION. This chapter shall govern administrative code enforcement, citations and civil penalties for violations of the city’s ordinances. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.02 FINDINGS; PURPOSE AND INTENT. (A) The City Council finds that there is a need for one or more alternate methods of enforcing the city’s ordinances. Though criminal fines and penalties have been the most frequent enforcement mechanism, there are certain negative consequences for both the city and the accused in that system. The delay inherent in that system does not ensure prompt resolution. Citizens resent being labeled as criminals for violations of administrative regulations. The higher burden of proof and the potential for incarceration do not appear appropriate for most administrative violations. The criminal process does not always regard city ordinance violations as being particularly important. Accordingly, the City Council finds that the use of administrative citations and the imposition of civil penalties is a legitimate and necessary alternative method of enforcement. This method of enforcement shall be in addition to any other legal remedy which could be pursued for city ordinance violations. (B) The administrative offense procedures established under this chapter are intended to provide the public and the city with an informal, cost effective, and expeditious alternative to traditional criminal charges for violations of certain ordinance provisions. The procedures are intended to be voluntary on the part of those who have been charged with the administrative offenses. At any time prior to the payment of the administrative penalty as is provided for hereafter, the individual may withdraw from participation in the procedures, in which event the city may bring criminal charges in accordance with law. Formatted: Highlight Likewise, the city, in its discretion, may choose not to initiate an administrative offense and may bring criminal charges in the first or succeeding instances. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.03 GENERAL PROVISIONS. (A) Administrative Ooffenses Eestablished. A violation of any provision of the city’s ordinances, or the acts prohibited in § 32.07, is an administrative offense that may result in an administrative citation and civil penalties pursuant to this chapter. Each day a violation exists constitutes a separate offense. (B) Fines Eestablished. (1) The City’s fine is set in the amount of $100.00 for each administrative offense u nless a fine or civil penalty is expressly set forth in a different amount elsewhere in City code or per the fine schedule adopted by the City Council under section 32.03(B)(3).The civil penalty amounts for offenses shall be as follows. .Offense Amount Ordinance Reference Offense Amount Ordinance Reference Animal slaughter $25 Ordinance 69 Burning violations $25 Ordinance 11 Development Code violations Environmental Exterior storage and off-street parking $50 $50 Ordinance 122 Ch. 2, § 3.3 Ch. 2, § 3.4 Dog violations Public nuisance Rabies vaccination Identification $50 $50 $50 Ordinance 185 § 6 § 3 § 2 False alarms $25 Ordinance 63 Noise violations $50 Ordinance 65 Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Rubbish violations $25 Ordinance 8 Operation of watercraft $25 Ordinance 155 Park violations Animals Erection of structure Littering and dumping Motorized vehicle Non-motorized vehicle in Wind in the Pines Open fires Other park violations Park hours Removing, defacing, or destroying property $25 $50 $25 $25 $25 $50 $25 $25 $50 Ordinance 133 § 10 § 3 § 4 § 5 § 6 § 7 § 1 § 2 Right-of-way violations Designated no parking zones Incorporated policies and standards Materials on street, sidewalk, or right-of-way Other parking Parking near mailboxes Seasonal weight restrictions Snow and ice removal Unobstructed width $25 $25 $25 $25 $25 $100 $25 $25 Ordinance 204 § 2.02 Art. 5 Art. 3 § 2.06 Art. 4 § 2.03 § 2.04 Septic ordinance - “201” community septic system Prohibited waste discharge Other $100 $50 Ordinance 202 § 9 § 8 Septic ordinance - Uptown system $100 Ordinance 134 Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Prohibited waste discharge Other $50 § 9 § 8 Skateboards $25 Ordinance 57 Snowmobiles $25 Ordinance 68 Tobacco Tobacco product license - first time Tobacco product license - second time Other prohibited acts $200 $500 $50 Ordinance 212 § 12 § 12 § 12 (2) The administrative fine penalty imposed for a subsequent violations of the same or similar nature as another violation by the same person in the prior 12 months shall be increased by the total number of violations. As a result, a second violation shall be 200% of the stated amount, and a third violation shall be 300% of the stated amount. , The maximum fine for a violation, however, shall be set at the petty misdemeanor maximum, as amended, which as of 2023 is $300.00. cprovided that no penalty shall exceed $300. (3) The City Council may amend the civil penalty amounts by including a list of the amounts in the city’s fee schedule ordinance that is adopted from time to time. Penalty amounts shall be determined in accordance with the fee schedule in effect on the date of the violation. (C) Service of City Enforcement Action. As used in this chapter, service may be accomplished by delivering a copy to the person directly; by leaving a copy at the individual person’s usual place of abode with some person of suitable age and discretion then residing there; by depositing a copy in the U.S. mail at a receptacle in the county, postage prepaid and properly addressed to last known address of the person to be served; or by any other manner provided in the Minnesota Rules of Civil Procedure. In the case of service by mail, service is completed on mailing. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.04 PROCEDURES. Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Body Text Formatted: Underline Formatted: Highlight (A) Order to Ccorrect;: Eexceptions and Eextensions. Upon reasonable belief that an administrative offense has occurred, any officer of the County Sheriff’s Department or any other person (the “official”) employed by the city and authorized in writing by the City Administrator shall serve on the violator an order to correct the violation. For violations of the following divisions (A)(1) to (A)(5) below, the city shall not be required to issue an order to correct and may proceed directly to the issuance of an administrative citation as provided in division (B) below. (1) Repeat offender. If the same person commits a subsequent violation within 12 months after an order to correct has been issued for the same or similar offense. (2) License violations. For any license violations, including not having a license. (3) Parking violations. For parking violations issued under Ch. 72 of this code. (4) Animal violations. For any violations of Ch. 90 of this code. (5) Noise violations. For any violation of §§ 91.01 to 91.08 (Noise Related Issues). (B) Administrative Ccitation. If compliance is not achieved within the timeline prescribed in an order to correct a violation, the official is authorized to issue an administrative citation. An administrative citation shall be served on the person responsible for the violation. The citation shall provide the following: (1) The date, time, location, and nature of the offense; (2) The indication of the relevant portion of the city code that was violated; (3) The amount of the scheduled civil penalty and instructions for paying the penalty; (4) Identification of the law enforcement officer or official issuing the citation; (5) A statement that the city code violation and the amount of the administrative civil penalty may be contested to be heard before an independent hearing officer by notifying the City Administrator or designated representative in writing within 14 days of the date of the citation; and (6) A statement that failure to pay the administrative civil penalty may result in it being assessed against the property as provided in M.S. Ch. 429, as it may be amended from time to time. (C) Payment of Ffines. Within 14 days of the service of the citation, the alleged violator shall pay the amount of the applicable civil penalty. (D) Request for Hhearing. (1) Any person contesting an order to correct or citation issued pursuant to this chapter may, within 14 days of the service of the order to correct or citation, request a hearing by a hearing officer who shall forthwith conduct an informal hearing to determine if a violation has occurred. The hearing officer shall have authority to dismiss the violation Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline or reduce or waive the penalty. If the violation is overturned by the hearing officer, the violator shall receive a refund of the civil penalty amount paid. (2) A person requesting a hearing must pay a hearing request fee deposit at the time of submitting the hearing request. The deposit shall be in the amount adopted by resolution of the City Council. The deposit is refundable if the person attends the hearing. If the person fails to attend the hearing, the deposit is forfeited. Refundable amounts will be applied first to any fine resulting from the hearing with any balance returned to the person who paid the deposit. (E) Code Enforcement Hearing Committee. Hearing officers. The City Council will periodically approve a list of lawyers, from which the City Administrator will select a hearing officer to hear and determine a matter for which the hearing is requested. The person who has requested the hearing has the right to request, no less than 15 days before the date of the hearing, that the assigned hearing officer be removed from the case. One request for each case will be granted by the City Administrator. A subsequent request must be directed to the assigned hearing officer, who will decide whether the hearing officer can fairly and objectively review the case. If the hearing officer cannot fairly and objectively review the case, the hearing officer shall remove himself or herself from the case, and the City Administrator shall assign another hearing officer. The hearing officer is not a judicial officer, but is a public officer as defined by M.S. § 609.415, as it may be amended from time to time. The hearing officer shall not be a current or former employee of the city. (F) Notice of Hhearing. Notice of the hearing must be served on the person responsible for the violation no less than 20 days in advance of the scheduled hearing, unless a shorter time is accepted by both parties. (G) Payment for Ccost of Hhearing. (1) The cost of the hearing shall be borne solely by the non-prevailing party. The city shall provide an estimate of the cost of the hearing at the time of the request for hearing. The City Council has the authority to reduce the non-prevailing party’s costs where that party can demonstrate indigency by clear and convincing evidence. (2) Proof of indigency can be demonstrated by the party’s receipt of means-tested governmental benefits or a demonstrated lack of assets or current income. Such proof shall be presented to the City Council for determination subsequent to the hearing. However, the hearing officer shall, at the time of the hearing, inquire whether or not the party claims indigency, and, if so, report the claims to the City Council. In all cases where the party requesting the hearing is unable to attend and fails to request a continuance of the hearing at least 48 hours in advance of the scheduled hearing, all costs incurred by the city attributable to the hearing shall be charged to the requesting party. (H) Hearing Pprocedures. At the hearing, the parties shall have the opportunity to present testimony and question witnesses, but strict rules of evidence shall not apply. The hearing officer shall record the hearing and receive testimony and exhibits, and the full Formatted: Highlight Formatted: Underline Formatted: Highlight Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline record of the hearing shall be retained for a reasonable time. The hearing officer shall receive and give weight to evidence, including hearsay evidence, which possesses probative value commonly accepted by reasonable and prudent people in the conduct of their affairs. (I) Authority of Code Enforcement Hearing Committee hearing officer. The hearing officer has the authority to determine that a violation did or did not occur, to dismiss a citation, to impose the scheduled fine, or to reduce, stay, or waive a scheduled fine, either unconditionally or upon compliance with appropriate conditions. When imposing a penalty for a violation, the hearing officer may consider any or all of the following: (1) The duration of the violation; (2) The frequency or recurrence of the violation; (3) The seriousness of the violation; (4) The history of the violation; (5) The violator’s conduct after issuance of the notice of hearing; (6) The good faith effort of the violator to comply; (7) The economic impact of the penalty on the violator; (8) The impact of the violation upon the community; and/or (9) Any other factors appropriate to a just result. (J) Fines for Ccontinuing Vviolations. The hearing officer may exercise discretion to impose a fine for more than one day of a continuing violation, but only on a finding that the violation caused a serious threat of harm to the public health, safety, or welfare, or the accused intentionally and unreasonably refused to comply with the Code requirement. The hearing officer’s decision and supporting reasons for continuing violations must be in writing. (K) Decision of the Code Enforcement Hearing Committeehearing officer. The hearing officer shall issue a decision in writing to both parties within ten days of the hearing. Any fines or penalties imposed must be paid no later than 30 days of the date of the hearing officer’s decision. If the fine is not timely paid, the city may assess the civil penalty against the person’s property pursuant to M.S. Ch. 429, as it may be amended from time to time. If the hearing officer determines that no violation occurred, the city may not proceed with criminal prosecution for the same act or conduct. The decision of the hearing officer is final and may only be appealed to the state court of appeals by petitioning for a writ of certiorari under M.S. § 606.01, as it may be amended from time to time. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.05 ENFORCEMENT, CIVIL REMEDIES, AND CITY CORRECTIVE ACTIONRECOVERY OF CIVIL PENALTIES. Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline Formatted: Highlight The City may elect to undertake any of the following enforcement actions individually or collectively and in any order and the City’s enforcement action under one of the following cannot and does not preclude the City from undertaking any of other enforcement actions under City code or otherwise authorized by law. (A) (A) Corrective Action. The City may seek a court order permitting the city enter a person’s property and take corrective action to bring the property in to code compliance and in addition seek the right to impose an assessment on the property for all of the City’s corrective costs and expenses including city administrative and personnel costs as well as city attorneys’ fees and costs. (B) Unpaid fines. If a civil penalty is not paid within the time specified, it shall constitute: (1) A lien upon the real property upon which the violation occurred if the property or improvements on the property was the subject of the violation and the property owner was found responsible for that violation; or (2) A personal obligation of the violator in all other situations. (B) Assessment. A lien may be assessed against the property and collected in the same manner as taxes. (C) Personal obligation. A personal obligation may be collected by any appropriate legal means. (D) Late fee. A late payment fee to 10% of the fine shall be assessed for each 30-day period, or part thereof, that the fine remains unpaid after the due date. (E) Suspension and revocation. Failure to pay a fine is grounds for suspending or revoking a license or permit or other approval associated with the violation. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.06 CRIMINAL PENALTIES. At minimum all code violations under this Chapter are petty misdemeanors. To the fullest extent permitted by law, code violations are punishable as misdemeanor offenses. And to the fullest extent permitted by law, the following shall be deemed separate and continuing city code violations and misdemeanor violations: The following are misdemeanors, punishable in accordance with state law: (A) Failure to pay a fine or request a hearing within 14 days after service of an administrative citation; (B) Failure to appear at a scheduled hearing after service of a notice regarding the same; and Formatted: Numbered + Level: 1 + Numbering Style: A, B, C, … + Start at: 1 + Alignment: Left + Aligned at: 0.11" + Indent at: 0.45" Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline Formatted: Underline Formatted: Highlight (C) Failure to pay a fine imposed by a hearing officer within 14 days after it was imposed, or such other time as may be established by the hearing officer. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.07 INCORPORATED POLICIES AND STANDARDS. The following policies and standards are incorporated into this chapter as if fully set forth herein: (A) (A) The Unified Development Code, as amended; (B) Engineering Standards and Detail Specifications, adopted April 16, 2019 and subsequent revisions; (C) (B) Snow Plowing and Ice Control Policy, adopted February 15, 2011, and amended April 15, 2014 and February 21, 2017 and subsequent revisions; andd (D) (C) Road Right-of-Way Maintenance Policy, adopted November 15, 2016 and subsequent revisions. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018; Ord. 211, passed 5-21-2019) Formatted: Highlight Formatted: Numbered + Level: 1 + Numbering Style: A, B, C, … + Start at: 1 + Alignment: Left + Aligned at: 0.11" + Indent at: 0.45" Formatted: Numbered + Level: 1 + Numbering Style: A, B, C, … + Start at: 1 + Alignment: Left + Aligned at: 0.11" + Indent at: 0.45" CHAPTER 32: ADMINISTRATIVE CODE ENFORCEMENT, CITATIONS AND CIVIL PENALTIES Section 32.01 Application 32.02 Findings; purpose and intent 32.03 General provisions 32.04 Procedures 32.05 Recovery of civil penalties 32.06 Criminal penalties 32.07 Incorporated policies and standards § 32.01 APPLICATION. This chapter shall govern administrative code enforcement, citations and civil penalties for violations of the city’s ordinances. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.02 FINDINGS; PURPOSE AND INTENT. (A) The City Council finds that there is a need for one or more alternate methods of enforcing the city’s ordinances. Though criminal fines and penalties have been the most frequent enforcement mechanism, there are certain negative consequences for both the city and the accused in that system. The delay inherent in that system does not ensure prompt resolution. Citizens resent being labeled as criminals for violations of administrative regulations. The higher burden of proof and the potential for incarceration do not appear appropriate for most administrative violations. The criminal process does not always regard city ordinance violations as being particularly important. Accordingly, the City Council finds that the use of administrative citations and the imposition of civil penalties is a legitimate and necessary alternative method of enforcement. This method of enforcement shall be in addition to any other legal remedy which could be pursued for city ordinance violations. (B) The administrative offense procedures established under this chapter are intended to provide the public and the city with an informal, cost effective, and expeditious alternative to traditional criminal charges for violations of certain ordinance provisions. The procedures are intended to be voluntary on the part of those who have been charged with the administrative offenses. At any time prior to the payment of the administrative penalty as is provided for hereafter, the individual may withdraw from participation in the procedures, in which event the city may bring criminal charges in accordance with law. Likewise, the city, in its discretion, may choose not to initiate an administrative offense and may bring criminal charges in the first or succeeding instances. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.03 GENERAL PROVISIONS. (A) Administrative Offenses Established. A violation of any provision of the city’s ordinances, or the acts prohibited in § 32.07, is an administrative offense that may result in an administrative citation and civil penalties pursuant to this chapter. Each day a violation exists constitutes a separate offense. (B) Fines Established. (1) The City’s fine is set in the amount of $100.00 for each administrative offense unless a fine or civil penalty is expressly set forth in a different amount elsewhere in City code or per the fine schedule adopted by the City Council under section 32.03(B)(3). (2) The administrative fine imposed for subsequent violations of the same or similar nature as another violation by the same person shall be increased by the total number of violations. As a result, a second violation shall be 200% of the stated amount, and a third violation shall be 300% of the stated amount. The maximum fine for a violation, however, shall be set at the petty misdemeanor maximum, as amended, which as of 2023 is $300.00. (3) The City Council may amend the civil penalty amounts by including a list of the amounts in the city’s fee schedule ordinance that is adopted from time to time. Penalty amounts shall be determined in accordance with the fee schedule in effect on the date of the violation. (C) Service of City Enforcement Action. As used in this chapter, service may be accomplished by delivering a copy to the person directly; by leaving a copy at the individual person’s usual place of abode with some person of suitable age and discretion then residing there; by depositing a copy in the U.S. mail at a receptacle in the county, postage prepaid and properly addressed to last known address of the person to be served; or by any other manner provided in the Minnesota Rules of Civil Procedure. In the case of service by mail, service is completed on mailing. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.04 PROCEDURES. (A) Order to Correct; Exceptions and Extensions. Upon reasonable belief that an administrative offense has occurred, any officer of the County Sheriff’s Department or any other person (the “official”) employed by the city and authorized in writing by the City Administrator shall serve on the violator an order to correct the violation. For violations of the following divisions (A)(1) to (A)(5) below, the city shall not be required to issue an order to correct and may proceed directly to the issuance of an administrative citation as provided in division (B) below. (1) Repeat offender. If the same person commits a subsequent violation within 12 months after an order to correct has been issued for the same or similar offense. (2) License violations. For any license violations, including not having a license. (3) Parking violations. For parking violations issued under Ch. 72 of this code. (4) Animal violations. For any violations of Ch. 90 of this code. (5) Noise violations. For any violation of §§ 91.01 to 91.08 (Noise Related Issues). (B) Administrative Citation. If compliance is not achieved within the timeline prescribed in an order to correct a violation, the official is authorized to issue an administrative citation. An administrative citation shall be served on the person responsible for the violation. The citation shall provide the following: (1) The date, time, location, and nature of the offense; (2) The indication of the relevant portion of the city code that was violated; (3) The amount of the scheduled civil penalty and instructions for paying the penalty; (4) Identification of the law enforcement officer or official issuing the citation; (5) A statement that the city code violation and the amount of the administrative civil penalty may be contested to be heard before an independent hearing officer by notifying the City Administrator or designated representative in writing within 14 days of the date of the citation; and (6) A statement that failure to pay the administrative civil penalty may result in it being assessed against the property as provided in M.S. Ch. 429, as it may be amended from time to time. (C) Payment of Fines. Within 14 days of the service of the citation, the alleged violator shall pay the amount of the applicable civil penalty. (D) Request for Hearing. (1) Any person contesting an order to correct or citation issued pursuant to this chapter may, within 14 days of the service of the order to correct or citation, request a hearing by a hearing officer who shall forthwith conduct an informal hearing to determine if a violation has occurred. The hearing officer shall have authority to dismiss the violation or reduce or waive the penalty. If the violation is overturned by the hearing officer, the violator shall receive a refund of the civil penalty amount paid. (2) A person requesting a hearing must pay a hearing request fee deposit at the time of submitting the hearing request. The deposit shall be in the amount adopted by resolution of the City Council. The deposit is refundable if the person attends the hearing. If the person fails to attend the hearing, the deposit is forfeited. Refundable amounts will be applied first to any fine resulting from the hearing with any balance returned to the person who paid the deposit. (E) Code Enforcement Hearing Committee. Hearing officers. The City Council will periodically approve a list of lawyers, from which the City Administrator will select a hearing officer to hear and determine a matter for which the hearing is requested. The person who has requested the hearing has the right to request, no less than 15 days before the date of the hearing, that the assigned hearing officer be removed from the case. One request for each case will be granted by the City Administrator. A subsequent request must be directed to the assigned hearing officer, who will decide whether the hearing officer can fairly and objectively review the case. If the hearing officer cannot fairly and objectively review the case, the hearing officer shall remove himself or herself from the case, and the City Administrator shall assign another hearing officer. The hearing officer is not a judicial officer, but is a public officer as defined by M.S. § 609.415, as it may be amended from time to time. The hearing officer shall not be a current or former employee of the city. (F) Notice of Hearing. Notice of the hearing must be served on the person responsible for the violation no less than 20 days in advance of the scheduled hearing, unless a shorter time is accepted by both parties. (G) Payment for Cost of Hearing. (1) The cost of the hearing shall be borne solely by the non-prevailing party. The city shall provide an estimate of the cost of the hearing at the time of the request for hearing. The City Council has the authority to reduce the non-prevailing party’s costs where that party can demonstrate indigency by clear and convincing evidence. (2) Proof of indigency can be demonstrated by the party’s receipt of means-tested governmental benefits or a demonstrated lack of assets or current income. Such proof shall be presented to the City Council for determination subsequent to the hearing. However, the hearing officer shall, at the time of the hearing, inquire whether or not the party claims indigency, and, if so, report the claims to the City Council. In all cases where the party requesting the hearing is unable to attend and fails to request a continuance of the hearing at least 48 hours in advance of the scheduled hearing, all costs incurred by the city attributable to the hearing shall be charged to the requesting party. (H) Hearing Procedures. At the hearing, the parties shall have the opportunity to present testimony and question witnesses, but strict rules of evidence shall not apply. The hearing officer shall record the hearing and receive testimony and exhibits, and the full record of the hearing shall be retained for a reasonable time. The hearing officer shall receive and give weight to evidence, including hearsay evidence, which possesses probative value commonly accepted by reasonable and prudent people in the conduct of their affairs. (I) Authority of Code Enforcement Hearing Committee. The hearing officer has the authority to determine that a violation did or did not occur, to dismiss a citation, to impose the scheduled fine, or to reduce, stay, or waive a scheduled fine, either unconditionally or upon compliance with appropriate conditions. When imposing a penalty for a violation, the hearing officer may consider any or all of the following: (1) The duration of the violation; (2) The frequency or recurrence of the violation; (3) The seriousness of the violation; (4) The history of the violation; (5) The violator’s conduct after issuance of the notice of hearing; (6) The good faith effort of the violator to comply; (7) The economic impact of the penalty on the violator; (8) The impact of the violation upon the community; and/or (9) Any other factors appropriate to a just result. (J) Fines for Continuing Violations. The hearing officer may exercise discretion to impose a fine for more than one day of a continuing violation, but only on a finding that the violation caused a serious threat of harm to the public health, safety, or welfare, or the accused intentionally and unreasonably refused to comply with the Code requirement. The hearing officer’s decision and supporting reasons for continuing violations must be in writing. (K) Decision of the Code Enforcement Hearing Committee. The hearing officer shall issue a decision in writing to both parties within ten days of the hearing. Any fines or penalties imposed must be paid no later than 30 days of the date of the hearing officer’s decision. If the fine is not timely paid, the city may assess the civil penalty against the person’s property pursuant to M.S. Ch. 429, as it may be amended from time to time. If the hearing officer determines that no violation occurred, the city may not proceed with criminal prosecution for the same act or conduct. The decision of the hearing officer is final and may only be appealed to the state court of appeals by petitioning for a writ of certiorari under M.S. § 606.01, as it may be amended from time to time. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.05 ENFORCEMENT, CIVIL REMEDIES, AND CITY CORRECTIVE ACTION. The City may elect to undertake any of the following enforcement actions individually or collectively and in any order and the City’s enforcement action under one of the following cannot and does not preclude the City from undertaking any of other enforcement actions under City code or otherwise authorized by law. (A) Corrective Action. The City may seek a court order permitting the city enter a person’s property and take corrective action to bring the property in to code compliance and in addition seek the right to impose an assessment on the property for all of the City’s corrective costs and expenses including city administrative and personnel costs as well as city attorneys’ fees and costs. (B) Unpaid fines. If a civil penalty is not paid within the time specified, it shall constitute: (1) A lien upon the real property upon which the violation occurred if the property or improvements on the property was the subject of the violation and the property owner was found responsible for that violation; or (2) A personal obligation of the violator in all other situations. (B) Assessment. A lien may be assessed against the property and collected in the same manner as taxes. (C) Personal obligation. A personal obligation may be collected by any appropriate legal means. (D) Late fee. A late payment fee to 10% of the fine shall be assessed for each 30-day period, or part thereof, that the fine remains unpaid after the due date. (E) Suspension and revocation. Failure to pay a fine is grounds for suspending or revoking a license or permit or other approval associated with the violation. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.06 CRIMINAL PENALTIES. At minimum all code violations under this Chapter are petty misdemeanors. To the fullest extent permitted by law, code violations are punishable as misdemeanor offenses. And to the fullest extent permitted by law, the following shall be deemed separate and continuing city code violations and misdemeanor violations: (A) Failure to pay a fine or request a hearing within 14 days after service of an administrative citation; (B) Failure to appear at a scheduled hearing after service of a notice regarding the same; and (C) Failure to pay a fine imposed by a hearing officer within 14 days after it was imposed, or such other time as may be established by the hearing officer. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018) § 32.07 INCORPORATED POLICIES AND STANDARDS. The following policies and standards are incorporated into this chapter as if fully set forth herein: (A) The Unified Development Code, as amended; (B) Engineering Standards and Detail Specifications, adopted April 16, 2019 and subsequent revisions; (C) Snow Plowing and Ice Control Policy, adopted February 15, 2011, and amended April 15, 2014 and February 21, 2017 and subsequent revisions; and (D) Road Right-of-Way Maintenance Policy, adopted November 15, 2016 and subsequent revisions. (Ord. 205, passed 12-18-2018; Ord. 211, passed 5-21-2019)