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E N C; I N f t R S I P I A N N f R 5 I D 1 S I C: N F R S MADiSON
SRF No. 00706315
TO: CITY OF SCANDIA
PARKS AND RECREATION COMMITTEE
FROM: Ken Grieshaber, SRF Consulting Group, Inc.
Jason Husveth, Critical Connections Ecological Services, Inc.
DATE: March 18, 2008
SUBJECT: LILLESKOGEN PARK RESTORATION PLAN
The restoration and development of Lilleskogen Park will enable residents of Scandia to
have a park facility that can be better utilized by many different user groups. These groups
include school children who may use the park as an educational and interpretive resource,
and seniors and young families who desire to have a safe and accessible walking trail
system to use in close proximity to where they live.
The following background information and recommendations are provided to assist the
City with developing an approach to restoration of the vegetation resources within the park
as well as implementing new site improvements. Also included are preliminary cost
estimates and a phasing plan which can be utilized by the City to begin to solicit funding
sources and strategize an implementation and management restoration plan for the park.
www.srfconsulting.com
One Carlson Park���ay Norlh,5uitc 150 � ��linneapolis,MN 55�47•4443 � 7G3.475.001U lax:763.475.Z429
An Equnl U�r��orftuiity Employrr
INDEX
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................1
INDEX............................................................................................................................2
BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................3
I. Site History..............................................................................................3
II. Ecological Assessment of Existing Conditions .........................................5
III. Restoration and Management Recommendations......................................7
IV. Short-Term Restoration and Management Plan (3 years) ..........................9
V. Proposed Park and Recreation Improvements.........................................11
VI. Phasing Implementation Plan..................................................................12
VII. Cost Estimate .........................................................................................12
VIII. Grant Funding Opportunities..................................................................12
MnDNR Environmental and Conservation Partnerships
GrantProgram....................................................................................12
APPENDICES
Appendix A Figures 1 through 6
Appendix B Soil Series Descriptions Lilleskogen Park
Appendix C Historic Aerial Photographs (1938— 1991)
Appendix D Table ](Plant Species) Table 2 (Tree Notes) Tables 3-5 (Plant and Seed
Mixes)
Appendix E Preliminary Cost Estimate
Appendix F Watershed District Correspondence
City of Scandia March 18, 2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 3
BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
I. SITE HISTORY
Pre-settlement Vegetation of Lilleskogen Park:
Critical Connections Ecological Services (CCES) ecologists referenced
Francis J. Marschner's map (Marschner 1930) of the Original Vegetation of Minnesota to
determine the general natural vegetation types present within the vicinity of the
Lilleskogen Park site at the time of European Settlement (circa 1850). Marschner's map
is of a coarse scale and resolution, and estimates the native vegetation of the county based
on land surveyor notes taken at every half section during the original land survey of
Minnesota. These data points were interpolated by Marschner to create general maps of
pre-settlement vegetation types on a state-wide scale. However, the Original Vegetation
maps are useful in that they provide a reliable estimate of natural vegetation and natural
community types that existed prior to European settlement and landscape conversion to
agriculture and other land uses.
The pre-settlement vegetation of the Lilleskogen Park site was likely a mix of Mesic Oak
Forest and Oak Woodland and Brushland, with small inclusions of Prairie, Wet Prairie,
and Wet Meadow at the time of European settlement. The park site lies within a
landscape mapped as Big Woods Forest by Marschner's map (see Figure 1,
A�pendix A). In addition, a surveyor's bearing tree was located within the Lilleskogen
Park site. This tree was recorded as a Paper Birch (Betula papyrifera) of 10-inch
diameter by the original land surveyors in the 1850's. The surveyors' notes describe the
vegetation type around the bearing tree as "thicket, brush, and underbrush", indicating
that the vegetation of the immediate vicinity of the bearing tree (including the
Lilleskogen Park site) was likely Oak Woodland and Brushland (rather that Big Woods
or Hardwood Forest).
Soils of Lilleskogen Park:
The soils of Lilleskogen Park were determined using the Soil Survey of Washington
County, Minnesota (USDA-SCS, 1980). According to the county soil survey, soil types
within the park include: Santiago Silt Loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes; Ronneby Fine Sandy
Loam; Freeon Silt Loam, 1 to 4 percent slopes; Kingsley Sandy Loam, 2 to 6 percent
slopes; Demontreville Loamy Fine Sand, 2 to 6 percent slopes; and Cathro Muck
(an organic wetland soil). A map of the soil types of Lilleskogen Park is provided as
Figure 2 of this report (Appendix A). Soil types have a pronounced influence on
pre-settlement vegetation and drainage patterns, land use history, and suitable restoration
and management goals for future management of the park. The project ecologists
referenced soils information to determine suitable restaration goals and target
communities to be restored and managed at Lilleskogen Park. Complete soil series
descriptions are provided in Appendix B of this report.
City of Scandia March 18, 2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 4
Review of Historic Aerial Photographs:
Critical Connections Ecological Services obtained historic aerial photographs of the
Lilleskogen Park site and adjacent landscapes from the Borchert Map Library, University
of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Available historic aerial photographs from 1938, 1953,
1957, 1968, 1973, 1978, and 1991 were obtained and digitally scanned at high resolution.
These photographs were analyzed by CCES ecologist to determine land use and
vegetation trends of the site and surrounding landscape over the past century. Historic
aerial photographs are provided in Appendix C of this report.
The following is a summary of CCES's analysis of each historic aerial photograph from
1938, 1953, 1957, 1968, 1973, 1978, and 1991.
1938: In 1938, the Lilleskogen Park site was dominated by herbaceous land cover types.
The land cover was most likely active pasture land. The wetlands on the property appear
to have little impact from artificial drainage systems. A main road (likely Scandia Trail)
bisected the north end of the site from east to west. This historic road bed can still be
found on site in 2008. A small copse of oak trees was present on the site, north of the
Scandia Trail road alignment. At least some of these oaks remain on the site in 2008.
1953: Between 1938 and 1953, Scandia Trail was realigned to its present day (2008)
alignment, connecting Oakhill Road and Olinda Trail with a widened and curvilinear
improved road bed at the north end of the Lilleskogen Park site. In the 1953 photo,
portions of the former east/west road alignment still exist. Several of the oaks trees that
were present on the 1938 photograph were removed for the construction of the new
Scandia Trail road alignment. However, approximately 10 to 12 large oak trees remain on
the Lilleskogen Park site (and adjacent land to the east). The 1953 aerial photograph
shows evidence of installation of a large drainage ditch on the south west edge of the site,
draining the main wetland to the south. This ditch remains intact in 2008. The
vegetation of the park site remained dominated by herbaceous agricultural cover types in
1953, most likely managed as active pasture land for cattle grazing. Few trees or shrubs
can be seen, with the exception of the oak trees previously mentioned.
1957: In the four years between 1953 and 1957, little change in the landscape of the park
site can be detected on the 1957 aerial photograph. The site remains in a herbaceous-
dominated agriculturally managed cover type, with the large ditch system still in place.
The former road bed to Scandia Trail is still highly visible in 1957, and it is assumed that
it is still being maintained and used at this time.
1968: The 1968 aerial photograph is of somewhat lower quality than the previous
photographs. However, several changes to the site's landscape can be observed. The
vegetation of the site begins to shift from herbaceous dominated pasture land to a mix of
herbaceous wetlands and uplands as well as tree and shrub dominated areas. The
drainage ditch appears to be more prevalent in the 1968 aerial photograph, and it is
possible that the ditch was expanded, deepened, and/or improved in the 11 years since the
1957 aerial photograph. Areas of the site that formerly contained scattered oaks (such as
City of Scandia March 18,2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 5
the northwest and northeast corners of the site) are dominated by trees and shrubs in
1968. There is photographic evidence that two rows of pine trees were planted along the
western edge of the site, sometime between 1957 and 1968. Many of these pine trees
remain on site in 2008. These major shifts in vegetation types and aerial photography
signatures suggest that the land use of the site may have changed dramatically in the time
between 1957 and 1968. The change may have been a result of a transition from an
active agricultural use (such as active grazing) to more passive agricultural or fallow
uses, including tree plantings, forestry, and wildlife plantings.
1973: The 1973 aerial photographs continues to show a transition of vegetation and land
cover types from a historically herbaceous dominated land cover to an increasingly tree-
dominated land cover type. Conifer plantings detected in the 1968 aerial photograph
continue to mature and spread in the l 973 aerial photograph. Deciduous trees (including
the original native oaks) continue to expand in their coverage as well. Sometime between
1968 and 1973, the center of the large wetland was excavated, as is evident by the open
water area in the 1973 aerial photograph (and evidence on the site in 2008).
1978: The 1978 aerial photographs continues to show a transition of vegetation and land
cover types from a historically herbaceous dominated land cover to an increasingly tree-
dominated land cover type. Conifer plantings detected in the 1968 and 1973 aerial
photographs continue to mature and spread in the 1978 aerial photograph. Furthermore,
additional conifer plantings are detected since the 1973 aerial photograph. Deciduous
trees (including the original native oaks) continue to expand in their coverage as well.
The center of the large wetland remains ponded and excavated in 1978. Only portions of
the ditch system can be detected through the tree cover, but the ditch remains intact in
1978.
1991: The 1991 aerial photograph is a color satellite image of moderate quality and
resolution. However, the 1991 aerial photographs shows much of the upland portion of
the Lilleskogen Park site dominated in planted coniferous tree species (depicted in dark
red), with the remaining upland areas dominated by deciduous tree and shrub species
(depicted in dark brown). The herbaceous wetland areas are dominated by reed canary
grass (a white aerial photo signature). The ditch system cannot be discerned through the
coniferous and deciduous tree canopy in 1991, but it is presumed to be present (as it is
present and continues to function in 2008).
IL ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING CONDITIONS
Lilleskogen Park is a 9 acre semi-natural passive recreational park within Township 32N
Range20W SWI/4 of Section 14, City of Scandia, Washington County, Minnesota.
Critical Connections Ecological Services, Inc. (CCES) and SRF Consulting Group, Inc.
(SRF) were retained by the City of Scandia to evaluate the existing ecological and
environmental conditions of the park property, develop a park master plan, and develop
restoration and management recommendations, approaches, and cost estimates to
improve the park's natural qualities.
City of Scandia March ]8,2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 6
CCES ecologists conducted baseline ecological assessments of the property in
December 2007 and January 2008. The field assessments focused on existing vegetation
(native, exotic, and introduced species), natural community remnants, semi-natural
vegetation associations, as well as soils, topography, hydrology, and past land use
practices. Only limited ecological information could be ascertained from field
assessments due to the fact that field surveys were conducted outside of the growing
season, and under the cover of 6 to 12 inches of snow.
A) Existing Vegetation and Natural Communities (Winter 2008):
The vegetation of Lilleskogen Park is currently dominated by altered and disturbed
vegetation and/or degraded natural community remnants. The uplands of the park
are comprised of planted conifer stands (predominantly red pine and white pine),
mixed coniferous/deciduous woodlands (comprised of planted pine and spruce, elm,
oak, box elder), oak/aspen deciduous woodlands (dominated by red oak, northern
pin oak, white oak, and quaking aspen), and managed herbaceous areas maintained
for parking and access. The wetlands and lowland areas of the park are comprised
of disturbed lowland hardwood forest (consisting of American elm, box elder, green
ash, and willow) and herbaceous wetlands dominated by reed canary grass (an
invasive wetland forage grass). Existing conditions are depicted in Figure 3,
Appendix A.
B) Invasive Plant Species:
The most problematic invasive plant species observed within the park include reed
canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea), common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica),
glossy buckthorn (Rhamnus frangula), and Tartarian honeysuckle (Lonicera
tatarica). Many of the predominant native deciduous tree species are also
aggressive colonizers of disturbed landscapes, including: quaking aspen (Populus
tremuloides), box elder (Acer negundo), American elm (Ulmus americana), and
black willow (Salix nigra). These native deciduous trees species should be
managed and controlled to achieve short and long term ecological and aesthetic
goals for the park's natural landscapes.
C) Other Invasive Species:
Based on field observations, there is evidence of disturbance from introduced
invasive earthworm species. Introduced earthworms consume large quantities of
forest leaf litter each year. This decomposing organic material is important to
native forest soil development, native wildflower persistence, and forest
regeneration. Forest soils affected by introduced earthworms contain little organic
material, little accumulated leaf litter, and have a decreased ability to retain soil
moisture and soil nutrients. Forest soils that are depleted by earthworm herbivory
lack the soil moisture, soil nutrients, soil structure, and mycorhizae to support
diverse native herbaceous layers (i.e. grasses, sedges, and wildflowers) typical of
native forest communities.
City of Scandia March 18, 2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 7
Currently, there is no known treatment to remove introduced earthworms from affected
forest sites. If earthworms are a persistent problem within Lilleskogen Park's upland
forests, forest restoration and management strategies will be limited in scope and
effectiveness.
A species list of all vascular plants observed during winter field surveys is provided as
Table 1 in Appendix D of this report. Furthermore, field notes regarding the tree and
shrub species present on the site (species, age, health) are provided as Table 2 in
Appendix D.
III. RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS:
Critical Connections Ecological Services developed ecological restoration and
management recommendations based on the existing conditions and concept site plan
created by SRF. These restoration and management recommendations focus of
ecological and aesthetic priorities, while working within the existing framework on
vegetation that has established within the park over half a century or more. While the
restoration and management goals and approaches seek to improve the overall ecological
quality of most of the park, they do not seek to restore the park to high quality examples
of natural communities that may have been on the site at the time of European settlement
(circa 1850). Rather, the goals and approaches seek to prioritize management goals to
work within reasonable budgets and timelines to achieve attainable environmental goals
that improve the overall ecological, recreational, and aesthetic qualities of the park.
Proposed restoration and management goals and target conditions are depicted in
Figure 4 (Appendix A).
A) Wetlands and Site Hydrology:
The park plan recommends partial hydrologic restoration of wetland systems within
the park by installing a water control structure within the ditch system.
SRF proposes the invert elevation of a weir structure would be at 1027.5 feet above
sea level. CCES has defined restoration wetland zones that coincide with a normal
water elevation of 1027.5, and consist of open water, mixed emergent marsh, and
wet meadow native wetland communities. Final determination of this weir
elevation will have to be made after field survey verification of the surrounding
topography and drainage ways to ensure it will have no impacts on adjacent
properties.
Prior to installation of water control structures, reed canary grass should be
aggressively treated with herbicide and managed with prescribed fire. Reed canary
grass would be treated and managed with appropriate herbicides approved for use
within wetland systems (i.e. Rodeo Glyphosate herbicide). Follow herbicide
treatments with prescribed burning prior to flooding and reseeding wetland
restoration areas.
City of Scandia March 18, 2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 8
Woody native and exotic species that are encroaching within the wetland fringe
should be removed and managed to promote native herbaceous wetland vegetation
re-establishment. In addition, the City should remove and chemically treat aspen,
elm, box elder, willow, and glossy buckthorn that are encroaching into saturated
herbaceous wetland areas.
Following removal and treatment of invasive woody species and re-establishment
of natural wetland hydrology, the City should re-vegetate wetlands with appropriate
native species seed mixes. Wetland plant communities appropriate to the site
include mixed emergent marsh (inundated wetland center), and wet/sedge meadow
(saturated and temporarily flooded wetland edges). Wetland seed mixes should be
augmented to include high native wildflower concentrations to meet the aesthetic
goals of the park plan. Native plant plugs could be used in lieu of(or in addition to)
native seed mixes. However, planting of native plant plugs will be considerably
more expensive than seeding.
B) Coniferous Woodlands and Mixed Coniferous/Deciduous Forests:
To begin restoration of coniferous woodlands and mixed coniferous/deciduous
forests, the City should remove invasive shrub species from these woodlands,
including common and glossy buckthorn and Tartarian honeysuckle. Invasive
shrub stumps should be treated with herbicide immediately after cutting and
removal, to reduce or eliminate re-sprouting or re-establishment of invasive shrubs.
Further assessment of the impact of invasive earthworms on forest herbaceous layer
is recommended. Future restoration seeding and plantings should seek to re-
establish earthworm tolerant native species within impacted woodland herbaceous
layers, such as Pennsylvania sedge (Carex pensylvanica), common wood sedge
(Carex blanda), or other tolerant species. Forest and woodland areas with bare or
eroding soils can be mulched with weed-free native leaf litter, coniferous needle
litter, or wood chips, to mitigate for earthworm impacts and help with forest arganic
soil horizon re-establishment. Only after earthworm impacts to forest soils are
adequately assessed and mitigated for, can less tolerant native herbaceous species
be re-introduced.
This restoration approach recommends maintaining coniferous forest and woodland
canopy trees as they occur on the site. Some planted or naturalized coniferous trees
can be selectively removed from conifer stands to improve park aesthetics, safety,
or function with little negative ecological impact. However, given limited budgets
and resources, a wholesale removal of conifer trees from naturalized woodlands and
plantings in the park is not recommended.
C) Oak/Aspen Woodlancls:
The oak/aspen woodland remnants at the north end of the site represent the best
remaining opportunity to restore and manage existing natural community remnants
within Lilleskogen Park. Invasive shrub species, such as buckthorn and
Ciry of Scandia March I 8, 2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 9
honeysuckle, should be removed and chemically treated. Quaking aspen should be
selectively removed (and treated) to reduce competition on existing oak trees.
Prescribed burning would serve as a beneficial restoration and management tool to
control exotic species seedlings, and promote native species regeneration. Native
herbaceous species typical of oak woodlands should be reseeded into the oak
woodland remnants after initial restoration tasks have been completed.
D) Degraded Lowland Hardwood Forest:
Degraded lowland hardwood forests within the park should be managed to improve
the overall quality of these lowland habitats. Invasive shrubs and herbs should be
removed and chemically treated. Invasive native tree species, such as aspen, box
elder, green ash, and willow, should be selectively thinned and chemically treated to
reduce re-sprouting. More desirable and ecologically appropriate native trees,
shrubs, grasses, sedges, and wildflowers should be inter-seeded and/or planted
within restored, thinned, or managed lowland forest areas.
IV. SHORT-TERM RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN (3 YEARS)
Critical Connections Ecological Services has prepared the following short-term
restoration and management plan for Lilleskogen Park. This plan focuses on ecological
improvements to the existing natural habitats and semi-natural vegetation areas within the
park. Furthermore, this plan incorporates restoration priorities identified by the project
ecologists, SRF park designers, and the City's Parks and Recreation committee.
YEAR 1 RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT TASKS:
1. Remove and treat invasive shrub species, including Common buckthorn, Glossy
buckthorn, Tartarian honeysuckle, and Prickly ash from woodlands and wetland
edges. Cut shrubs in late fall (November) and treat stumps with appropriate
herbicides, such as Glyphosate or Garlon. Cut shrubs can be hauled to piles and
burned, or chipped, or left in place. Selectively remove and chemically treat
Quaking aspen trees and other undesirable native tree species along wetland edges
and within wetland soil spoils areas.
2. Chemically treat Reed canary grass monotypes within wetlands and woodland
edges in late August or September, prior to winter dormancy. Treat Reed canary
grass with an appropriate herbicide approved for use in wetlands, such as Rodeo
(Glyphosate). Treat reed canary grass prior to hydrologic restoration of wetland.
3. Plan and implement a prescribed burn in late fall (October or early November)
following herbicide treatment. Burning Reed canary grass monotypes should occur
following chemical treatment. Burning wetlands should also occur prior to
hydrologic restoration of wetland. The oak woodland habitats should also be
burned to control invasive shrub seedlings and to foster native species germination
and regeneration. Soil should be lightly disced after burning.
City of Scandia March 18, 2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 10
4. Obtain necessary federal, state, and local permits from regulatory agencies to install
water control structure(s). Refine the design of water control structure to ensure
desired hydrologic restoration goals and avoid flooding of adjacent properties.
5. Monitor response of invasive shrubs and Reed canary grass to initial treatments.
Monitor response of native species to herbicide treatments, and adjust methods,
timing, and rates of herbicide application to avoid unintended damage to desirable
native species.
YEAR 2 RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT TASKS:
1. Treat re-sprouts of invasive shrub species in spring and summer with Glyphosate
based herbicides. Monitor invasive shrub seedling gertnination and hand-pull
seedlings or treat with herbicide. Re-treat Quaking aspen and undesirable native
tree species re-sprouts. Avoid unintended herbicide application to desirable native
trees, shrubs, and wildflowers (forbs). Where herbicide drift or overspray cannot be
avoided, use manual removal methods.
2. Treat Reed canary grass monotypes a second time in late August or September of
the second year. Treat reed canary grass with an appropriate herbicide approved for
use in wetlands. Second year treatments should be implemented prior to hydrologic
restoration of wetlands.
3. Install water control structure(s) at the south end of the large wetland basin in fall or
winter of second year. Allow wetland hydrology to re-establish over the winter of
year two, priar to reseeding wetland with native species mixes.
4. Monitor response of invasive shrubs and Reed canary grass to second-year
herbicide treatments. Monitor response of native species to herbicide treatments,
and adjust methods, timing, and rates of herbicide application to avoid unintended
damage to desirable native species. Monitor the re-establishment of wetland
hydrology following the installation of water control structure.
YEAR 3 RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT TASKS:
1. Design and order native species mixes for wetland and upland habitats on the site in
early winter of third year. Tailor native species mixes to include lower diversity
assemblages of resilient native species that can compete with altered landscape
conditions and invasive species.
2. Monitor the reestablishment of wetland hydrology within restored wetlands. Allow
hydrologic zones to re-establish prior to seeding. If necessary, treat Reed canary
grass with Rodeo prior to native seeding, to reduce Reed canary grass cover and
abundance, and increase the success of native wetland seeding. Allow for herbicide
to dissipate (four weeks after application)prior to native seeding.
City of Scandia March 18, 2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 11
3. After discing soil, broadcast dormant native seed mixes within prescribed upland
and wetland restoration habitats in the late winter or early spring of the third year.
Do not seed areas where invasive species are still dominant, prevalent, or
problematic, as additional herbicide treatments and management will likely be
necessary in these areas. Monitor the germination and establishment of native
species within seeded areas throughout the growing season. Avoid herbicide
applications within newly seeded restoration areas.
4. Treat re-sprouts of invasive shrub species in spring and summer with Glyphosate
based herbicides. Monitor invasive shrub seedling germination and hand-pull
seedlings or treat with herbicide. Avoid unintended herbicide application to
desirable native trees, shrubs, and wildflowers (forbs). Use manual removal
methods where herbicide drift or overspray is an issue.
5. Monitor the response of invasive and native species to the implementation of
restoration and management tasks over the third growing season. Monitor the
restored wetland's hydrologic regime. Adjust future restoration and management
approach(es) to incorporate monitoring observations and data.
6. Develop a long-term restoration and management approach, timeline, and budgets
based on the results of implementing the three year plan. Refine restoration and
management goals and objectives. Incorporate monitoring information into an
adaptive restoration and management approach.
V. PROPOSED PARK AND RECREATION IMPROVEMENTS
The primary site improvement proposed for the park would be the development of a six
foot wide looped bituminous trail system which will begin at a new off street parking lot
located along the south side of the park along Oak Hill Road. See Figure 5, Appendix A.
A six foot wide trail will accommodate low volume pedestrian traffic within the park. To
meet minimal accessibility requirements, no segment of trail or boardwalk should be less
than five feet in width to accommodate wheel chair use.
A small timber picnic shelter and orientarion kiosk north of the parking lot helps define the
main entry in to the park and provides the opportunity to create a picnic and small group
gathering area within the existing red pine grove.
The trail system consists of a larger loop trail around the outside perimeter of the park and
contains several small boardwalk crossings and a larger boardwalk crossing and overlook
on the north side of the park.The alignment of the overall trail system allows for visitors to
interact with a variety of woodland and wetland vegetation associations. A mid-loop trail
provides access to an outdoor classroom and play area as well as a trail spur connection to
Olinda Trail. Other spur trail connections are proposed to connect to the school access road
near the northwest corner of the park and to Oak Hill Court which connects to a senior
housing complex south of the park.
City of Scandia March 18, 2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 12
An 8 to ]0-space parking lot with handicap parking is located on the south side of the park
off of Oak Hill Road. Consideration should be given to incorporating permeable paving in
the parking lot, if shared funding can be secured from the Watershed District. A security
light is also proposed for the parking lot. Additional security lighting within the park along
the trail could be implemented if desired by the City.
Adjacent to the parking lot is a 5,000 square foot native plant butterfly garden which
highlights the main entrance to the park (see Figure 6, Appendix A). Wood chip trails
allow visitors to experience the garden and view interpretive signage. A 2,500 square foot
wildflower garden highlights the northwest corner of the park and this location could also
include the installation of a second park identification sign because of its highly visible
location from Scandia Trail and Oak Hill Road. The south and west facing orientation
for both garden areas as well as a well drained soil medium should allow for both garden
areas to sustain themselves with some initial watering and weeding during the first two
growing seasons. Tilling and soil amendments should be done as necessary to loosen
soils after verifying existing conditions at the time of plant installation.
An orientation kiosk provides general information about the site restoration work being
undertaken in the park and also identifies interpretive nodes throughout the park which
identify other woodland and wetland vegetarion restoration efforts occurring along the trails
system.
In order to raise the water levels in the larger wetland complex, a ditch block control
structure is located at the south outlet of the wetland where a short boardwalk crossing is
located. This will allow for an approximately one foot depth of water to be added to the
large wetland complex and improve the quality of the wetland vegetation which currently is
predominately invasive reed canary grass. The spoil piles which exist within the wetland
complex are proposed to remain to support additional wildlife habitat, support native plant
material and help provide screening from the adjacent roadway. Consideration was given to
removal of these spoils but after further discussion with the Parks Committee it was
determined they could be easily integrated with the overall restoration plan for the park and
reduce excavation and earthwork costs for the project.
VL PHASING IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
In order to begin implementing site improvements for the park, a phased implementation
plan has been established to allow for smaller increments of funding to be secured for the
project and to allow all for improvements to be completed in a logical sequence.
In order to make the park immediately more usable for residents, Phase 1 improvements
include site grading for installation of the trail system and parking lot as well as the trail
boardwalk crossings. This phase would also include installarion of a water control structure
on the south side of the wetland complex. Phase 2 improvements include beginning
invasive vegetation removals and restoration of the wetland and woodland vegetation areas.
Phase 3 improvements include installation of the picnic shelter, orientation kiosk, butterfly
garden, and interpretive signage.
As funding resources are encumbered, some of the proposed site improvements identified
in Phases 2 and 3 could be completed in Phase 1 if funding is secured for this scope of
work.
City of Scandia March 18,2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 13
VIL COST ESTIMATE
The itemized cost estimate in Appendix E outlines a breakdown of costs associated with
all site improvements proposed for the park. It should be noted these costs are based on
2008 construction estimates and any site improvements that would occur after 2008 should
allow for an additional 5 percent inflation rate for every year of construction beyond 2008.
The cost estimate has also been formatted in to identifying proposed phase one, phase two,
and phase three improvements for the park. The estimate also includes a l0 percent
contingency for any unknown site conditions encountered during construction and costs
associated with additional site survey, geotechnical investigation, and the preparation of
construction drawings and specifications that may be needed prior to construction.
It should also be noted these estimates are based on private contractar bids and
opportunities may exist for other non for profit groups or volunteer organizations to
complete some of the work identified in the estimate to further reduce costs. Involving
groups such as the Tree Trust for constructing boardwalks and using volunteer
arganizations to assist with planting and invasive vegetarion removals could also
dramatically decrease overall costs for the project.
VllI. GRANT FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES
Several grant opportunities are available for funding various site improvements in the park
and some require securing matching local funds to award them for project. The following
grant opportunities should be considered to be applied for by the City to fund site
improvements for the park:
MnDNR Environmental and Conservation Partnerships Grant Program
i. Eligible projects: Habitat Enhancement projects include: restoration of
native plant communities; reforestation; protection of wetlands; and
abatement of soil erosion. Plantings must consist only of native species.
ii. Ineligible activities include: curriculum development; construction of
trails, buildings, and boardwalks; project administration, overhead, and
indirect costs.
iii. Application request deadline: January 31, 2008
iv. Application deadline: March 31, 2008
v. Requires 50 percent local non-state match, which can be:
l. cash
2. volunteer labor
3. in-kind contributions of materials,equipment and services
City of Scandia March 18, 2008
Parks and Recreation Committee Page 14
vi. Maximum grant of$20,000
vii. Grants are awarded on a reimbursement basis. The recipient must incur
and pay expenses before they can be reimbursed on a 50 percent basis by
the State.
viii. Projects may commence fall 2008 or later, and must be complete by
December 31, 20 l 0.
ix. Info available at
http://��-�����.d�ir.statc.mn.us/��rants/habitat/env cons part.html
b. MnDNR Local Trail Connections Program: To promote relatively short
trail connections between where people live and desirable locations, not to
develop significant new trails.
i. Eligible projects: Land acquisition and trail development. Projects must
result in a trail linkage that is immediately available for use by the
general public.
ii. Application deadline: annually on February 28.
iii. Minimum grant - $5,000. Maximum grant - $100,000.
iv. 50 percent"cash match" required
v. Info available at
http;//www_dnr state,mn.us/�r�ants/recreation/trails IocaLh[ml
c. Federal Recreational Trail program
i. Eligible Projects: Motorized and non-motorized trail projects;
maintenance/restoration of existing recreational trails; development/
rehabilitation of recreational trail linkages, including trail side and trail
head facilities; environmental awareness and safety education programs
relating to the use of recreational trails; and redesign/relocation of trails
to benefit/minimize the impact to the natural environment.
ii. Application deadline: annually on February 28.
iii. Minimum $1,000; maximum $150,000.
iv. 50 percent match required
v. Info available at http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/grants/recreation/trails_federal.html
d. Establish a "Friends of Lilleskogen" group of volunteers
i. Donations help fund the restoration project and long-term management
efforts
ii. Under direction, volunteers provide labar far invasive removal efforts
iii. Under direction, volunteers provide labor for seeding and planting efforts
iv. Gardener volunteers manage establishment of new plantings by weeding
and watering
v. Volunteers provide long-term management efforts
H:IProjects163151LA1Recommendation Memo to Scandia P&R.doc
APPENDIX A
FIGURES
Figure 1. Pre-settlement Vegetation (circa 1850)
Figure 2. Washington County Soil Survey (1980)
Figure 3. Existing Conditions (Winter 2008)
Figure 4. Proposed Restoration and Management Target Conditions
Figure 5. Preliminary Site Plan
Figure 6. Park Entrance / Butterfly Garden
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Appendix B
Soil Series Descriptions
Lilleskogen Park
Santiago Soil Series Description Page 1 of 5
SANTIAGO SERIES
The Santiago series consists of well drained soils which are deep to a densic contact.They
formed in loess or silty lacustrine deposits and in the underlying dense sandy loam till on
ground moraines, disintegration moraines, and end moraines. Permeability is moderate in the
silty mantle, slow or moderately slow in the lower part of the solum, and very slow in the
substratum. Slope ranges from 1 to 45 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 30 inches.
Mean annual air temperature is about 42 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Haplic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Santiago silt (oam, on a convex, northeast-facing slope of 8 percent, in a
cultivated field, at an elevation of about 1,180 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise
stated.)
Ap--O to 10 inches; dark brown (lOYR 3/3) silt loam, light brownish gray(10YR 6/2) dry;
moderate medium granular structure; friable; many fine and few medium roots; 4 percent
gravel; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
E/B--10 to 15 inches; about 60 percent brown (lOYR 5/3) silt loam (E), very pale brown (10YR
7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky;friabie;
extends as tongues into or surrounds remnants of dark yellowish brown (lOYR 4/4) silt loam
(Bt); moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint dark yellowish
brown (lOYR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine and medium roots; 1 percent grav��f;
moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
B/E--15 to 23 inches; about 70 percent dark yellowish brown (lOYR 4/4) silt loam �Bt);
moderate very fine subangular blocky structure;friable; common faint dark yellowish brown
(lOYR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; penetrated by tongues of brown (lOYR 5/3) silt loam (E),
very pale brown (lOYR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure parting moderate very fine
subangular blocky;friable; common fine and few medium roots; 1 percent gravel; very strongly
acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (Glossic horizon ranges from 5 to 20 inches thick.)
28t1--23 to 36 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) gravelly sandy loam; moderate fine prismatic
structure tending to part along horizontal cleavage planes to weak medium plates inherit��;j
from the parent material; firm; common fine roots; common faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/31 ar��i
few distinct reddish brown (SYR 4/4) clay films on all faces of peds;few prominent brown (lOYR
5/3) silt coats on vertical faces of peds; 14 percent gravel and about 1 percent cobbles; slightly
brittle; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
26t2--36 to 49 inches; dark brown (7.SYR 3/4) fine sandy loam; moderate fine prismatic
structure tending to part along horizontal cleavage planes to weak medium plates inherited
from the parent material; firm; few fine roots; many faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay filrns on
Santiago Soil Series Oescription Page 2 of 5
all faces of peds; very few prominent brown (lOYR 5/3) siit coats on vertical faces of peds; il
percent gravel and about 1 percent cobbles; slightly brittle; strongly acid; gradual wavy
boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bt horizon ranges from 8 to 30 inches.)
26Cd1--49 to 69 inches; dark reddish brown {SYR 3/4) sandy loam; weak very coarse prismatic
structure tending to part along horizontal cleavage planes to weak medium plates inherited
from the parent material; firm; few fine roots; few faint dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) clay films
on top faces of peds; 9 percent gravel and about 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid;gradual
wavy boundary.
26Cd2--69 to 87 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) sandy loam; weak extremely coarse
prismatic structure tending to part along horizontal cleavage planes to weak medium plates
inherited from the parent material;firm;few fine roots; few distinct dark reddish brown (SYR
3/3) clay films on top faces of peds; 7 percent gravel and about 1 percent cobbles; few
sandstone channers; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the
28Cd horizon ranges from 0 to 70 inches.)
2Cd--87 to 102 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam; tending to part along horizontal
cleavage planes to weak medium plates; firm; dense and compact; 9 percent gravel and about 1
percent cobbles; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Barron County, Wisconsin; about 2 miles east and 1.5 miles south of Reeve;
located about 1,840 feet south and 2,040 feet east of the northwest corner of section 34, T. 32
N., R. 14 W.; USGS Connorsville topographic quadrangle; (at. 45 degrees 13 minutes 09 seconds
N. and (ong. 92 degrees OS minutes 12 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:Thickness of the silty mantle ranges from 12 to 36 inches. Depth
to the base of the argillic horizon and to densic contact ranges from 40 to 60 inches. Content of
clay averages from 7 to 17 percent in the particle-size control section and the content of fine
sand or coarser averages 15 to 70 percent.The base saturation (by sum of cations) is less than
60 percent in some part of the argillic horizon.Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 10 percent in
the silty mantle and from 5 to 35 percent in the till. Volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 3
percent in the silty mantle and from 0 to S percent in the till. Volume of stones ranges from 0 to
1 percent in the silty mantle and from 0 to 3 percent in the till. Surface stones have coverage
ranging from 0 to 3 pe�cent. Reaction ranges from extremely acid to slightly acid in the solum,
except it ranges to neutral in the Ap horizon where the soil is limed. Reaction ranges from
strongly acid to neutral in the substratum.
The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 0�4, and chroma of 1 to 3. Dry value is
greater than 5.5. Uncultivated pedons have an A horizon, 1 to 4 inches thick, with hue of 7.SYR
or 10YR,value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is silt loam.
Some pedons have an E horizon with hue of 7.5YR or lOYR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or
3. Colors of 4/3 or S/3 have value dry of 7 or more. The E horizon is silt loam or silt.
Santiago Soil Series Description Page 3 of 5
Some pedons have a Bw horizon with hue of 7.5YR or lOYR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 4. It
is silt loam. Bw horizons with spodic color have less than 0.6 percent organic carbon.
Santiago soils have a glossic horizon. Horizonation has a wide range depending on the thickness
of the silty mantle and the degree to which eluviation has occurred.Therefore, there can be
E/B, B/E, 2E/8, or 28/E horizons singly or in combination.
The E part of the E/B or B/E horizon has color and texture like the E horizon described above.
The Bt part has hue of 7.5YR or lOYR,value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 4 to 6.
Some pedons have a Bt horizon with color and texture like the Bt part described above.
The 2E part of the 2E/B or 28/E horizon has hue of SYR, 7.5YR, or lOYR, value of 4 to 6 and
chroma of 2 or 3. Colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more. The 2E part is typically sa+ �iy
loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or their gravelly analogs, but in some pedons it is loamy sand or
gravelly loamy sand. The 2Bt part has color and texture like the 28t horizon described below.
The 28t horizon has hue of 2.5YR, SYR, or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 4 to 6. It is
typically sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or their gravelly analogs. The bulk density ran��r�s
from 1.65 to 1.90 gm/cc. Some pedons have pockets or strata of loamy sand or gravelly loarny
sand.
The 2BCd horizon has hue of 2.SYR, SYR, or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 4 to 6. It is
typically sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs. Bulk density ranges from 1.8 to
2.0 gm/cc. Some pedons have pockets or strata of loamy sand or gravelly loamy sand.
The 2Cd horizon has hue of 2.5YR, SYR, or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 4 to 6. It is
typically sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs. Bulk density ranges from 1.8 to
2.0 gm/cc. Some pedons have pockets or strata of loamy sand or gravelly loamy sand.
COMPETING SERIES:These are the Amery, Arland, Automba, Goodland, Itasca, Kennan,
Langlade, Marathon, Pemene, Rosholt, Scoba, and Steamboat series.
Amery and Automba soils do not have a 12 to 36 inch thick mantle that is more than 50 percent
silt. In addition, Automba soils have base saturation of more than 60 percent in all parts of the
argillic horizon.
Arland soils have a paralithic contact of sandstone at a depth of 20 to 40 inches.
Goodland, Itasca, Kennan, Langlade, Marathon, Pemene, Rosholt, Scoba, and Steamboat soils
do not have a densic contact within the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material--loess or silty lacustrine and in the underlying dense sandy loam till of Late
Wisconsinan Age
Landform--ground moraines, disintegration moraines, and end moraines
Slope--1 to 45 percent
Santiago Soil Series Description Page 4 of S
Elevation--800 to 1950 feet
Mean annual air temperature--39 to 45 degrees F
Mean annual precipitation--28 to 33 inches
Frost-free period--120 to 135 days
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Amerv Freeon, HauRen, Ma�nor,
Newood, Newot, Otterholt, and Spencer soils.
The moderately well drained Freeon and somewhat poorly drained Magnor soils are in a
drainage sequence with Santiago soils. They are on slightly lower or less sloping landscape
positions.
The well drained Amery a�d Newot soils are on similar landscape positions and the moderately
well drained Naugen and Newood soils are on less sloping landscape positions to those of
Santiago soils where the silty mantle is less than 12 inches thick, or is absent.
The well drained Otterholt soils and moderately well drained Spenter soils are on landscape
positions similar to those of Santiago soils where the silty mantle is more than 36 inches thick.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is medium to very high.
Permeability is moderate in the silty mantle, slow or moderately slow in the lower solum, and
very slow in the substratum.
USE AND VEGETATION: Many areas of this soil are used for cropland. Corn, small grains, and
hay are common crops. Some areas remain in woodland. Native vegetation is mixed hardwood
forest with a few conifers. Common trees are sugar maple, American basswood, northern red
oak, white ash, American elm, and quaking aspen with some white pine and red pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Wisconsin and east-central Minnesota. LRR K,
MLRA 90A and MLRA 90B. This soil is extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISNED: Mille Lacs County, Minnesota, 1927.Type location moved to Barron
County, Wisconsin with the correiation of the soil survey in 1992.
REMARKS:
Particle size control section - the zone from 15 to 35 inches
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - the zone from 0 to 15 inches(Ap, E/Bj;
Albic horizon - the zone from 10 to 15 inches (E part of the E/B);
Glossic horizon -the zone from 10 to 23 inches (E/B, B/E);
Argillic horizon - the zone from 15 to 49 inches (B/E, 26t1, 26t2);
Densic contact - the contact with dense til) (26Cd1, 2BCd2, 2Cd) at 49 inches;
lithologic discontinuity- at the upper boundary of the 2Bt1 horizon at 23 inches.
Santiago Soil Series Description Page 5 of 5
The bulk density and platyness of the argillic horizon is considered to be relict of the till, but
studies are needed to dete�mine whether or not these horizons meet criteria for fragipans or
fragic soil properties.
The 26Cd1 and 28Cd2 horizons were originally described as 26t horizons, but were
redesignated because they are transitional to the substratum and exhibit densic characteristics.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Former Soil Interpretation Records -W10137 and W10346. Refer to soil
survey sample number S90WI-005-008 for NSSL data on the typical pedon.
Ronneby Soil Series Description Page 1 of 5
RONNEBY SERIES
The Ronneby series consists of very deep, somewhat poorly drained soils that formed in loamy
glacial till on drumlins and moraines. These soils have a densic contact at depths of 40 to 60
inches. The saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderate or moderately rapid in the upper part
and very slow in the dense till. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annua) precipitation is
about 28 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 43 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Aeric Glossaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Ronneby loam on a plane slope of 1 percent in a cultivated field. (Colors are
for moist soi� unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--O to 8 inches; very dark brown (lOYR 2/2) loam, grayish brown (lOYR 5/2) dry; moderate
fine granular structure; very friable; about 2 percent gravel; moderately acid; abrupt smooth
boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
E--8 to 11 inches; brown (lOYR 5/3) fine sandy loam, gray (10YR 6/1) dry; moderate thin and
medium platy structure;very friable; common fine prominant strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) Fe
concentrations and common medium faint dark grayish brown (lOYR 4/2) Fe depletions; about
2 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
B/E--11 to 17 inches; 60 percent brown (lOYR 4/3)fine sandy loam �Bt); 40 percent brown
(10YR5/3j fine sandy loam (E), gray(lOYR 6/1)dry; weak fine subangular block structure;
friable; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) Fe concentrations and common
medium faint dark grayish brown (lOYR 4/2) Fe depletions;thin stone line with about 11
percent gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth bvundary. (2 to 8 inches thick)
Bt--17 to 33 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4)fine sandy loam; weak medium platy structure parting to
weak fine subangular blocky;friable; common distinct dark reddish brown (SYR 3/2) clay films
on faces of peds; common fine distinct strong brown (7.SYR 4/6) Fe concentrations and
common medium distinct brown (7.SYR S/2) Fe depletions;few thin coatings of clean sand and
silt on vertical cleavage faces; about 6 percent gravel; moderately acid;gradual wavy boundary.
(S to 18 inches thick)
BC--33 to 45 inches; reddish brown (SYR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak medium platy structure;
firm; few faint dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) clay films on faces of plates and around pebble
pockets; common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) Fe concentrations and common fine
faint dark reddish gray {5YR 4/2) Fe depletions; about 10 percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual
wavy boundary. {0 to 16 inches thick)
BCd--45 to 80 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3)fine sandy loam; very coarse and extremely
coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium platy, few 2 to 3 millimeter
Ronneby Soil Series Description Page 2 of 5
oblique fractures 0.5 to 3.0 feet apart; very firm; few medium faint dark reddish brown (5YR
3J4) Fe concentrations and few medium dark reddish gray(SYR 4/2) Fe depletions along
fracture faces in the upper part; about 9 percent gravel; neutral.
TYPE IOCATION: Benton County, Minnesota; about 1.5 miles south and 1.5 miles east of Foley;
1210 feet south and 180 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 6, T. 36 N., R. 28 W.; USGS
Quadrangle Foley, Minn.; Latitude 45 degrees 38 minutes 41 seconds N., and Longitude 93
degrees 52 minutes 59 seconds W., NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to a densic contact is 40 to 60 inches.The content of rock
fragments is 1 to 15 percent by volume throughout the profile. Stony and very stony phases are
recognized.The argillic horizon has 8 to 18 percent clay.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.SYR, value of 2 or 3, chroma of 1 or 2.The A horizon is
loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, very fine sandy loam or silt loam. Some pedons have an O
horizon less than 3 inches thick. Reaction is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The E horizon has hue of lOYR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to S, and chroma of 1 to 3. The E horizon is
fine sandy loam, loam, sandy loam or very fine sandy loam. Reaction is strongly acid to slightly
acid.
The B/E or E/8 horizon has hue of lOYR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 2 to 4. It is fine
sandy loam, sandy loam or loam. Reaction is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The Bt horizon has hue of 7.SYR or SYR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. The Bt horizon is
fine sandy loam, sandy loam or loam. The base status is greater than 60 percent. Bulk density
ranges from 1.45 to 1.65 gm/cc. Reaction is strongly acid to slightly acid.
The BC horizon has hue of 5YR or less commonly 7.5YR, value of 3 to S and chroma of 3 or 4. It
is fine sandy loam or sandy loam. Moist bulk density ranges from 1.65 to 1.80gm/cc. Reaction is
moderately acid to neutral.
The BCd horizon has hue of SYR or less commonly7.5YR,value of 3 to S and chroma of 3 or 4.
Texture is fine sandy loam or sandy loam. Moist bulk density ranges from 1.85 to 2.0 gm/cc. It is
moderately acid to neutral.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:These soils have plane or slightly concave slopes on drumlins or
moraines. Slope gradients range from 0 to 2 percent. Ronneby soils formed in noncalcareous,
Superior lobe dense loamy glacial till of Late Wisconsinan Age. Mean annual air temperature is
about 37 to 45 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is about 24 to 33 inches. Frost-free days
range from 90 to 145. Elevation above sea (evel ranges from 800 to 1450 feet.
Ronneby Soil Series Description Page 3 of 5
GEOGRAPHICAILY ASSOCIATED SOILS:These are Milaca, Mora, and Parent soils, which forrr� a
drainage sequence with the Ronneby soils. Milaca soils are moderately well drained and are on
more sloping terrain.The somewhat poorly drained Mora soils are on higher lying positions.
The poorly and very poorly drained Parent soils are on lower positions on the landscape
occupying flats, swales or depressions.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Somewhat poorly drained. Runoff is
very low or low. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is moderate or moderately rapid in the upper
part and very slow in the dense till. This soil has perched seasonal high saturation at a depth of
0.5 feet during April to June in years of normal precipitation.
USE AND VEGETATION: Approximately half of this soil is cultivated. Crops commonly grown are
corn, soybeans, oats, and hay.The remaining areas are pastured or forested. Native vegetation
is mixed deciduous forest or mixed deciduous-coniferous forest.
OISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA-90, mostly in East-central Minnesota and northwestern
Wisconsin. This soil is moderately extensive.
MIRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sherburne County, Minnesota, 1965.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:ochric epipedon - the
zone from the surface to il inches (Ap and E horizon); albic horizon -the zone from 8 to 11
inches (E horizon); argillic horizon - the zone from 11 to 33 inches (B/E and Bt horizons); glossic
horizon-zone from 11 to 17 inches(B/E horizon); base saturation is above 60 percent in some
part of the argillic horizon; aquic conditions- based on presumed positive reaction with alpha
alpha dipyridyl at sometime during the year in most years.This parent material does not reduce
soil colors typical of other parent material; densic contact-the zone beginning at 45 inches(BCd
horizon).This soil was formerly classified as coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid, Udollic
Epiaqualfs. Classification changed to reflect predomenance of a glossic horizon.
ADDITIONAL DATA: See National Soil Survey Lab 563MN-5-5 for data on the typical pedon. Soil
Interpretation Record Number is MN0247.
Freeon Soii Series Description Page 1 of 5
FREEON SERIES
The Freeon series consists of very deep, moderately well drained soils which are deep to a
densic contact.They formed in loess or silty lacustrine deposits and in the underlying dense
sandy loam till on ground moraines, end moraines, disintegration moraines, drumlins, and ice-
walled glacial lake plains. Permeability is moderate in the silty mantle, slow or moderately slow
in the till subsoil, and very slow in the substratum. Slopes range from 0 to 20 percent. Mean
annual precipitation is about 30 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 42 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Oxyaquic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Freeon silt loam -on a convex 2 percent slope in a cultivated field at an
elevation of about 1,200 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--O to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (lOYR 3/2) silt loam, light brownish gray(lOYR 6/2)
dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; about 2 percent
gravel; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 9 inches thick)
E/B--7 to 19 inches; about 60 percent brown (lOYR 5/3) silt loam (E), very pale brown (lOYR
7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; friable; extends as tongues into or surrounds remnants
of dark yellowish brown (lOYR 4/4) silt loam (Bt); moderate fine subangular blocky structure;
friable; few distinct dark brown (7.SYR 3/4) clay films on faces of peds; common fine and very
fine roots; many very fine and few medium tubular pores; common coarse prominent strong
brown (7.SYR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; about 5 percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles;
slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
26/E--19 to 39 inches; about 70 percent dark brown (7.SYR 3/4) sandy loam (Bt); moderate
medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common faint dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) clay films
on faces of peds; penetrated by tongues of brown (10YR S/3) sandy loam (E), very pale brown
(10YR 7/3) dry; weak thick platy structure;friable; few fine roots; many fine tubular pores;
common coarse prominent strong brown (7.SYR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; about 12
percent gravel and 1 percent cobbles; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (The glossic
horizon ranges from 5 to 40 inches thick.)
28t--39 to 53 inches; dark reddish brown (SYR 3/4) sandy loam; moderate fine and medium
prismatic structure tending to part along horizontal cleavage planes to weak thin plates
inherited from the parent material; firm; few fine roots; common fine tubular pores;common
fine and medium vesicular pores; common faint dark reddish brown (SYR 3/4) clay films on all
faces of peds;very few prominent brown (10YR 5/3) silt coats on vertica) faces of peds; few
coarse prominent strong brown (7.SYR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; about S percent
gravel and 1 percent cobbles; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. �5 to 30 inches thick)
2BCd1--53 to 69 inches; dark reddish brown (SYR 3/4) sandy loam;weak very coarse prismatic
structure tending to part along horizontal cleavage planes to weak thin plates inherited from
Freeon Soil Series Description Page 2 of S
the parent material; firm; many fine tubular pores; few medium vesicular pores; common faint
dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4)clay films on top faces of peds; few medium prominent strong
brown (7.5YR S/8) masses of iron accumulation on vertical ped faces; about 5 percent gravel
and 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
26Cd2--69 to 85 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) sandy loam; weak extremely coarse
prismatic structure tending to part along horizontal cleavage planes to weak thin plates
inherited from the parent material; many fine tubular pores;few medium vesicular pores;
common faint dark reddish brown (SYR 3/4) clay films on top faces of peds; about 5 percent
gravel and 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of
the 2BCd horizons ranges from 0 to 70 inches.)
2Cd--85 to 100 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam; massive tending to part along
horizontal cleavage planes to weak thin plates; firm; dense and compact; about 5 percent
gravel and 1 percent cobbles; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Barron County,Wisconsin; about 3 1/2 miles south of Barron; 1100 feet north
and 200 feet west of the southeast corner, sec. 16, T. 33 N., R. 12 W. Dallas USGS quadrangle;
lat.45 degrees 20 minutes 30 seconds N. and long. 91 degrees S1 minutes 35 seconds W.;
NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:Thickness of silty mantle ranges from 12 to 36 inches. Depth to
the base of the argillic horizon and to densic contact ranges from 40 to 60 inches. Content of
clay averages from 7 to 17 percent in the particle-size control section and content of fine sand
or coarser averages 15 to 70 percent. The base saturation (by sum of cations) is less than 60
percent in some part of the argillic horizon. Volume of gravel ranges from 0 to 10 percent in the
silty mantle and from 5 to 35 percent in the till. Volume of cobbles ranges from 0 to 3 percent
in the silty mantle and from 0 to S percent in the till. Volume of stones ranges from 0 to 1
percent in the silty mantfe and from 0 to 3 percent in the till. Surface stones have coverage
ranging from 0 to 3 percent. Reaction ranges from extremely acid to slightly acid in the solum,
except that it ranges to neutral in the Ap horizon where the soil is limed. Reaction ranges from
strongly acid to neutral in the substratum. Redox concentrations are within 40 inches and occur
as high in the profile as the E horizon in some pedons. Redox depletions are below the upper 10
inches of the argillic in some pedons. Saturation occurs below the upper 10 inches of the
argillic, but within a depth of 40 inches at some time in most years.
The Ap horizon has value of 3 or 4 and chroma of 2 or 3. Uncultivated areas have A horizons,l
to 4 inches thick, with hue of lOYR,value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 to 3.
Some pedons have an E horizon with hue of 7.5YR or lOYR, value of 4 or 5, and a chroma of 2 or
3. Colors of 4/3 and 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more. The E horizon is silt loam or silt.
Sorne pedons have a Bw horizon with hue of 7.SYR or lOYR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 4. It
is silt loam. Bw horizons with spodic color have less than 0.6 percent organic carbon.
Freeon Soil Series Description Page 3 of 5
Freeon soils have a glossic horizon. Horizonation has a wide range depending on the thickness
of the silty mantle and the degree to which eluviation has occurred.Therefore, there can be
E/B, B/E, 2E/B, or 28/E horizons singly or in combination.
The E part of the E/B or e/E horizon has color and texture like the E horizon described above.
The Bt part has hue of 7.5YR or lOYR, value of 3 to S, and chroma of 4 to 6.
Some pedons have a Bt horizon with color and texture like the Bt part described above.
The 2E part of the 2E/B or 2B/E horizons has hue of SYR, 7.SYR, or 10YR;value of 4 to 6, and
chroma of 2 or 3. Colors of 4/3 or 5/3 have value dry of 7 or more.The 2E part is typically sandy
loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or their gravelly analogs, but in some pedons it is loamy sand or
gravelly loamy sand.The 26t part has color and texture like the 2Bt horizon described below.
The 2Bt horizon has hue of 2.5YR, SYR, or 7.SYR; value of 3 to 5; and chroma of 4 to 6. It is
typically sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or their gravelly analogs. Bulk density ranges from
1.65 to 1.90. Some pedons have pockets or strata of loamy sand or gravelly loamy sand.
The 2BCd horizon has hue of 2.SYR, SYR, or 7.SYR; value of 3 to 5; and chroma of 4 to 6. It is
typically sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs. Clay content averages more
than 7 percent. Bulk density ranges from 1.8 to 2.0 gm/cc. Some pedons have pockets or strata
of loamy sand or gravelly loamy sand.
The 2Cd horizon has hue of 2.5YR, SYR, or 7.SYR; value of 3 to S; and chroma of 4 to 6. It is
typically sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or their gravelly analogs. Clay content averages more
than 7 percent. Bulk density ranges from 1.8 to 2.0 gm/cc. Some pedons have pockets or straka
of loamy sand or gravelly loamy sand.
COMPETING SERIES:These are the Aftad, Blowers, F�o�creek, Hau�en, Neo it and Scott Lake
series. A similar soil is the Brennyville series.
Aftad, Neopit and Scott Lake soils do not have a densic contact within the series control section.
Blowers and Hau�en soils do not have a 12 to 36 inch mantle that is more than 50 percent silt.
Brennyville soils have base saturation greater than 60 percent in all parts of the argillic horiton.
Fro�creek soils average less than 7 percent clay in the dense till.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: Formed in loess or silty lacustrine and in the underlying dense sandy loam till
of Late Wisconsinan Age.
Landform: Ground moraines, disintegration moraines, end moraines, drumlins, and ice-walled
glacial lake plains.
Freeon Soil Series Description Page 4 of 5
Slope: 0 to 20 percent.
Elevation: 800 to 1950 feet.
Mean annual air temperature: 39 to 45 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation: 28 to 33 inches.
Frost-free days: 120 to 135 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS:These are Adolph, Almena,Amery,Auburndale,
Capitola,Cebana, Hau�en, Ma�nor, Newood, Newot, Santia�o, and S encer soils.
The well drained Santia�o, the somewhat poorly drained Ma�nor,the poorly drained Cebana,
and the very poorly and poorly drained Adolph and Capitola soils are in a drainage sequence
with Freeon soils. Santiago soils are on steeper sloping landforms. Magnor soils are in lower or
less sloping areas. Cebana, Adolph, and Capitola soils are in depressions and drainageways.
The moderately well drained Spencer soils are on similar landscape positions as Freeon soils,
the somewhat poorly drained Almena soils are in lower or less sloping areas, and the poorly
drained Auburndale soils are in depressions and drainageways.These soils have a silty mantle
greater than 36 inches thick.
The well drained Amerv and Newot soils, and the moderately well drained Hau�en and Newood
soils are on landscape positions that are similar to, higher than, or more sloping than those of
Freeon soils where the silty mantle is less than 12 inches thick, or is absent.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained.Surface runoff low to high.
Permeability is moderate in the silty mantle, moderately slow or slow in the till subsoil, and
very slow in the substratum. This soil has a perched seasonal high water table at a depth of 2 to
3.5 feet for 1 month or more at some time during the period of September to lune in most
years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Much of this soil is cfeared and used for pastureland or cropland. Corn,
small grain, and hay are the major crops. The remainder is in woodland or wooded pasture.
Native vegetation is deciduous forest. Common trees are sugar maple, black cherry,American
basswood, white ash, yellow birch,American elm, bigtooth aspen, quaking aspen, balsam fir,
northern red oak, and eastern hophornbeam.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: North-centra)and northwestern Wisconsin and east-central
Minnesota. LRR K, MLRA 90A, and MLRA 90B. This soil is extensive.
MIRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Barron County, Wisconsin, 1949. The original type location was changed
in Barron County with the correlation of the updated soil survey in 1992.
Freeon Soil Series Description Page S of S
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Particle size control section -the zone from 19 to 39 inches.
Ochric epipedon -the zone from 0 to 19 inches (Ap, E/B).
Albic horizon -the zone from 7 to 19 inches (E part of the E/B).
Glossic horizon -the zone from 7 to 39 inches (E/B, 2B/E).
Argillic horizon -the tone from 19 to 53 inches {2B/E, 2Bt).
Densic contact-the contact with dense till (28Cd1, 26Cd2, 2Cd)at 53 inches.
Redoximorphic concentrations -oxidized color features in the zone from 7 to 69 inches.
Lithologic discontinuity- at the upper boundary of the 2Bt/E horizon at 19 inches.
The bulk density and platyness of the argillic horizon is considered to be relict of the till, but
studies are needed to determine whether or not these horizons meet criteria for fragipans or
fragic soil properties.
The 26Cd1 and 26Cd2 horizons were originally described as 2Bt horizons, but were re-
designated because they are transitional to the substratum and exhibit densic characteristics.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Former Soil Interpretation Record -W10030. Refer to soil survey sample
number 590W1-005-7 for NSSL data on the typical pedon.
Kingsley Soil Series Description Page 1 of 3
KINGSLEY SERIES
The Kingsley series consists of very deep, well drained soils that formed in loamy glacial till on
glacial moraines.These soils have moderate over moderately slow permeability. Slopes range
from 2 to 40 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 27 inches. Mean annual temperature
is about 46 deg�ees F.
TAXONOMIC CLA55: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Mollic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Kingsley sandy loam with a convex slope of 20 percent in a terminal moraine
in a mixed deciduous forest. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A1--0 to 3 inches; black(lOYR 2/1) sandy Ioam, very dark gray(IOYR 3/I) dry; weak very fine
granular structure; very friable; about 10 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear irregular boundary.
(2 to 5 inches thick)
A2--3 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (lOYR 3/2) sandy loam, grayish brown (IOYR 5/2j dry;
weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; about 10 percent gravel; slightly acid;
clear wavy boundary. (0 to 5 inches thick)
E--7 to 14 inches; brown (7.SYR 4/2) loamy sand, pinkish gray(7.5YR 6/2) dry; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; very friable; about 10 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy
boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
Bt1--14 to 25 inches; reddish brown (SYR 4/4) sandy loam; moderate medium and coarse
subangular blocky structure;friable; few thin clay films and thin nearly continuous coatings of
clean sand particles on faces of peds; about 10 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth
boundary.
Bt2--25 to 34 inches; reddish brown (SYR 4/4) sandy(oam; moderate medium and coarse platy
st�ucture parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable, hard and brittle; few thin
clay fitms and coatings of clean sand and silt particles on faces of peds; about 10 percent gravel;
strongly acid;gradual smooth boundary. (Bt horizon is 12 to 28 inches thick)
C--34 to 48 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam; moderate fine and medium platy
structure; friable; few thin coatings of clean sand and silt particles on faces of peds in upper
part; about 10 percent gravel; moderately acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Hennepin County, Minnesota; suburbs of the city of Bloomington; 2,640 feet
north of the southwest corner of Sec. 16, T. 116 N., R. 21 W.; USGS Bloomington quadrangle;
lat. 44 degrees 51 minutes 17 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 21 minutes 29 seconds W.,
NAD27
Kingsley Soil Series Description Page 2 of?
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to free carbonates ranges from 30 to 100 inches or
more.The profile contains 2 to 15 percent by volume of rock fragments, most of which are
igneous rocks.
The A horizon has hue of lOYR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2.The E horizon has hue of
lOYR or 7.SYR, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 2 through 4. The A and E horizons are fine sar�dy
loam, sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, loam, loamy sand, or loamy coarse sand with the coarser
textures commonly in the E horizon.They are slightly or moderately acid.
The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.SYR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 3 to 6. Some pedans
have lOYR hue in the upper part, value of 4 or 5 and chroma of 4 to 6. It mostly is sandy loam or
coarse sandy loam, but thin sandy clay loam, loamy sand, or loamy coarse sand subhorizons are
in some pedons. It typically averages between 10 to 15 percent clay but ranges fram 8 to 18
percent. It ranges from 55 to 70 percent fine sand and coarser material. B/A clay ratios are 1.5
to 2.0. It commonly is strongly or moderately acid and less commonly slightly atid to slightly
alkaline in the lower part of some pedons. Some pedons have a thin BC horizon.
The C horizon typically has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, and value and chroma of 3 or 4, but thin strata
with yellower hues are common. It is sandy loam or coarse sandy loam but thin, finer- or
coarser-textured strata are common. It is friable or firm. It is moderately acid through slightly
alkaline. It has less than 5 percent calcium carbonate equivalent.
COMPETING SERIES:These are the Backbone, Bainter(T), Desker, Forkhorn(T), Billett, Oronoco,
Pardeeville. Rusktown(T)and Ulster series. Backbone soils have bedrock beginning at a depth of
20 to 40 inches. Bainter(T), Desker, Forkhorn{T) and Rusktown(T) soils have sandy textures in
the lower third of the series control section. Billett soils have formed in outwash and have
loamy sand or sand C horizons. Oronoco soils formed in aeolian sediments and lack coarse
fragments. Ulster soils have a lithologic discontinuity and stratified textures(eofian) in the lower
third of the series control section. Pardeeville soils are not clearly separated at this time. Will
need further study.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils are on convex slopes on complex undulating to steep
moraines of Late Wisconsin age. Slopes range from 2 to 40 percent. The Kingsley soils formed in
nonacid, reddish brown sandy loam till. Mean annual temperature ranges from 45 to 48
degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 26 to 30 inches. Frost free days range from
130 to 160. Elevations above sea level range from 1000 to 1300 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Burnsville, Chetek, Havden, Salida, and N more soils are
the main ones. Burnsville and Chetek soils are somewhat excessively drained, and Salida and
Nymore soils are excessively drained. Hayden soils are fine-loamy and formed in calcareous till.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is medium or rapid. Permeability
is moderate or moderately slow.
Kingsley Soil Series Description Page 3 of 3
USE AND VEGETATION: This soi) is cropped to small grains, corn, soybeans, hay, and vegetable
and fruit crops. The remainder is in pasture or forest, or developed for homesites. The native
vegetation was mixed deciduous forest. Present day vegetation is mainly oaks.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: East-central Minnesota. Tnis series is moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Dakota County, Minnesota, 1942.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: orchric epipedon-the
zone from 0 to 14 inches (A1,A2,E horizons) argillic horizon-the zone from 14 to 34 inches
(Btl,Bt2 horizons) mollic subgroup- the zone from 0 to 7 inches (A1,A2 horizons) udic moisture
regime.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to MN.Agr. Exp. Sta. Central File Code No. 759 for results of some
laboratory analysis of the typical pedon, and to S74MN-163-3 for data on an additional pedon.
Demontreville Soil Series Description Page 1 of 3
DEMONTREVILLE SERIES
The DeMontreville series consists of very deep, well drained and moderately well drained soils
formed in a moderately thick sandy mantle of aeolian or glacial lacustrine or outwash
sediments and the underiying loamy glacial till on glacial moraines. Permeability is rapid in the
sandy mantle and moderately slow in the rest of the soil. These upland soils have slopes ranging
from 1 to 45 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 41 degrees F. Mean annual
precipitation is about 29 inches.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, superactive,frigid Arenic Hapludalfs
TYPICAt PEDON: DeMontreville loamy fine sand with a 2 percent plane south-facing slope on a
glacial moraine in an alfalfa field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--O to 7 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loamy fine sand; light brownish gray(lOYR
6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; 2 to 5 percent gravel; slightly atid;
abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 8 inches thick)
E1--7 to 11 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loamy fine sand, very pale brown (lOYR 7/3) dry; weak
fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; about 5 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear
irregular boundary.
E2--11 to 15 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loamy sand, pale brown (lOYR 6/3) dry; weak medium
subangular blocky structure; friable; about 10 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy
boundary. (0 to 22 inches thick, combined thickness)
BE--15 to 24 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loamy sand; moderate medium subangular blocky
structure;friable; about 8 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear irregular boundary. (0 to 15
inches thick)
28t1--24 to 29 inches; dark reddish brown (SYR 3/4) sandy loam; moderate medium subangular
blocky structure; firm; few faint clay films along vertical cleavages; about 10 percent gravel;
moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
26t2--29 to A1 inches; dark reddish brown (SYR 3/4) sandy loam; moderate medium subangular
blocky structure; firm; few faint clay films along vertical cleavages; about 10 percent gravel;
slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (9 to 22 inches, combined thickness)
2C--A1 to 60 inches;dark reddish brown �SYR 3/4) sandy loam; massive;firm; about 15 percent
gravel; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Washington County, Minnesota. About one mile east northeast of Willernie;
750 feet south and 2,010 feet west of the northeast corner, sec. 28,T. 30 N., R. 21 W.
Oemontreville Soil Series Description Page 2 of 3
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the so�um ranges from 30 to 50 inches and
depth to the glacial till ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Free carbonates are absent to depths of 60
inthes or more. The A and B horizons contain 0 to 10 percent gravel by volume and the 28 and
2C horizons contain f�om 8 to 20 percent gravel and cobbles of mixed lithology. The 26 and 2C
horizons have moist bulk density ranging from 1.65 to 1.75 gm/cc. The soil moisture control
section is not dry in al! parts for 20 to 35 consecutive days during the 120 days following the
summer solstice.
The A or Ap horizons have hue of 10YR,value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 1 to 3.The E horizon has
hue of lOYR or 7.5YR,value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. The A and E horizons typically are
loamy fine sand or loamy sand but sand or fine sand are in the range.They are strongly acid
through neutral.
Some pedons have a Bw horizon in the upper sediment instead of an E horizon. It has hue of
lOYR or 7.5YR,value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is loamy sand or loamy coarse sand but
coarse sand, sand, fine sand, and loamy fine sand are in the range. It is strongly acid through
neutral.
Some pedons have B/E or 2 B/E horizons, but the E part comprises less than 15 percent of the
horizon.
The 28t horizon has hue of 7.5YR or SYR, value of 3 to S, and chroma of 3 to 6. In some pedons
mottles with chroma of 2 are below the upper 10 inches of the argillic horizon. It is sandy loam,
sandy clay loam, loam, or fine sandy loam. It averages between 6 to 18 percent clay, but parts
may range up to 22 percent. It is moderately acid or slightly acid. It has few through many clay
films.
The 2C horizon has hue of 7.5YR or SYR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is sandy loam,
coarse sandy loam, loamy coarse sand or their gravelly analogues. It is moderately acid through
neutral.
COMPETING SERIES:These are the Andrusia (T), Braham, Captom fT), Cutawav. Escanaba,
Haskill Pomroy and Redeye soils. Andrusia soils have friable argillic horizons and are formed in
glacial outwash sediments. Braham soils have hue of 10YR and have more than 18 percent clay
in the argillic horizon. Captom soils are dry in the soil moisture control section for more than 35
consecutive days during the 120 days following the summer solstice. Cutaway soils have 18 to
35 percent clay in the argillic horizon, hues yellower than 7.5YR and als�have bisequum
development. Escanaba soils have Bs horizons and are dominated by fine sands throughout.
Haskill soils have sand in the lower part of the series control section and below the argillic
horizon. Pomroy and Redeye soils have argillic horizons that formed in dense till which have
bulk densities greater than 1.8. Redby soils also have hue of lOYR or yel�ower and free
carbonates within 60 inches.
Demontreville Soil Series Description Page 3 of 3
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: DeMontreville soils are on summits and upper side slopes of knolls on
glacial moraines. Slopes are plane or convex and slope gradients range from 1 to 45 percent.
These soils formed in a moderately thick sandy mantle of aeolian or lacustrine or outwash
sediments and loamy glacial till of the Late Wisconsinan Age. Mean annual temperature ranges
from 37 to 45 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from about 24 to 33 inches. Frost-
free days range from 90 to 150. Elevation above sea level ranges from 670 to 1450 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: DeMontreville soils are commonly adjacent to the
Cushin�, Kin�sley, and Mahtomedi soils.The well drained Cushing and Kingsley soils occupy
similar landscape positions and formed entirely from loamy glacial till.The excessively drained
Mahtomedi soils formed in sandy sediments and are on similar landscapes.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained and moderately well drained. Medium or slow
runoff. Rapid permeability in the upper sandy mantle and moderately slow permeability in the
underlying horizons.These soils have a perched water table above the horizons in glacial till for
short periods during wet seasons.
USE AND VEGETATION; About one-half of this soil is cleared and used for pasture or cropped to
corn, small grains,or hay. The remainder is in forest or wooded pasture. Native vegetation was
deciduous forest, mainly oaks.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and east-central Minnesota. Moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washington and Ramsey Counties, Minnesota, 1978.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - the
zone from the surface to a depth of 15 inches (Ap, E1, and E2 horizons); argillic horizons -the
zone from 24 to 41 inches (28t1 and 26t2 horizonsj; arenic subgroup - sandy textures in upper
24 inches.
Cathro Soil Series Description Page 1 of 3
CATHRO SERIES
The Cathro series consists of very deep,very poorly drained organic soils moderately deep to
loamy materials. They formed in organic material 16 to 51 inches thick overlying loamy glacial
deposits on ground moraines, end moraines, outwash plains, lake plains, stream terraces, and
flood plains. Permeability is moderately slow to moderately rapid in the organic material and
moderately slow or moderate in the loamy material. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean
annual precipitation is about 32 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 43 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, euic, frigid Terric Haplosaprists
TYPICAL PEDON: Cathro muck- on a slope of 1 percent in a forested area (Colors are for moist
conditions unless otherwise stated.)
Oal--O to 6 inches; black(SYR 2/1) rubbed and pressed muck(sapric material); about 40 percent
fiber, about 15 perce�t rubbed; weak fine granular structure; nonsticky; primarily herbaceous
fibers; neutral �pH 6.8 in water); clear wavy boundary.
Oa2--6 to 11 inches; black (SYR 2/1) broken face and �ubbed muck (sapric material), dark
reddish brown (5YR Z/2) pressed;about 35 percent fiber, about 10 percent rubbed; weak
medium granular structure; nonsticky; primarily herbaceous fibers; neutral (pH 6.8 in water);
clear smooth boundary.
Oa3--11 to 23 inches; black(5YR 2/1) on broken face and rubbed muck(sapric material); about
40 percent fibers, less than 10 percent rubbed; massive; nonsticky; primarily herbaceous fibers;
neutral (pH 6.8 in water); abrupt smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of Oa horizons is 15 to
S1 inches.)
Cg--23 to 60 inches; grayish brown {2.SY 5/2) sandy loam; massive; slightly sticky; common
coarse prominent reddish brown (5YR 5/3)and common coarse distinct brown (lOYR 5/3) Fe
concentrations; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Delta County, Michigan; about 4 miles south of Ensign; 1,620 feet north and
200 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 23, T. 40 N., R. 21 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to the loamy C horizon ranges from 16 to 51 inches.
Woody fragments over 2cm in size comprise less than 15 percent of the organic material.The
organic portion of the contro) section has hue of lOYR, 7.5YR, or SYR;value of 2 or 3;and
chroma of 0 to 3 or are neutral. In some pedons the value or chroma or both increases 1 or 2
units when exposed to the air. The organic portion of the control section ranges from pH 4.5 to
less than pH 7.8 in calcium chloride and does not have free carbonates.
Cathro Soil Series Description Page 2 af 3
The surface tier exclusive of loose surface litter or mosses, is comprised of mucky peat (hemic
material)or muck �sapric material) material with an unrubbed fiber content that ranges from
about 20 percent to 50 percent; rubbed is less than 20 percent. Up to 4 inches of peat is on the
surface in some pedons.The surface tier is weak or moderate fine granular structure.Typically
the structure grade becomes stronger as the amount of recognizable woody material increases.
The subsurfate tier is muck (sapric material). The unrubbed fiber content ranges from 50 to less
than 10 percent and is less than 16 percent after rubbing. Some pedons have thin layers of
mucky peat (hemic material) in the control section. Ash content of the organic layer just above
the loamy substratum is as much as 40 percent in some pedons.
A thin A horizon is present in some pedons. It has hue of 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y or is neutral,value of 2
or 3 and chroma of 0 to 2. It is sandy loam,fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, loam, silt loam or
their mucky analogs. It ranges from moderately acid to slightly alkaline.
The C horizon has hue of SYR, 7.5YR, lOYR, 2.5Y, SGY, SGB, o�5Y; value of 4 to 6; and chroma of
1 to 3. It is sandy loam,fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam, loam, silt loam,
clay loam or silty clay loam. Stratified substratums phases containing thin strata of fine sand or
sand, less than 3 inches thick are recognized. It ranges from moderately acid to moderately
alkaline. Coarse fragments range from 0 to 25 percent by volume. Some pedons do not contain
free carbonates.
COMPETING SERIES:These are the Berner, Bullwinkle, Din�1e, Nidaros, and Wonsqueak series.
Berner soils have a sandy layer above the loamy sediment. Bullwinkle soils have greater than 15
percent woody fragments in the organic material. Dingle soils occur in areas with 14 to 16
inches of annual precipitation and in elevations from 5900 to 6000 feet. Nidaros soils have
sandy underlying materials. Wonsqueak soils are substantially drier in the moisture control
section during the 120 days following the summer solstice.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Cathro soils commonly are in relatively small depressions mainly within
ground moraines, end moraines, lake plains and outwash plains. A few areas are on narrow
flood plains. Individual bodies range in size from about 10 to 100 acres. Slopes are 0 to 2
percent. The ground water carrying minerals from the surrounding upland, influences the
composition of the organic deposit. Mean annual precipitation ranges from about 19 to 43
inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 36 to 45 degrees F. Frost-free days range
from 70 to 145. Elevation above sea levl ranges from 600 to 2,000 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALIY ASSOCIATED SOILS:These are the Carbondale and Rifle soils that occupy
similar landscape positions and the An�elica and Ensley soils. Angelica and Ensley soils are
poorly drained mineral soils commonly located adjacent to the edges of Cathro soils.The
Carbondale soils have hemic soil materials within 51 inches. Rifle soils formed in hemic
materials 51 inches or greater.
Cathro Soil Series Description Page 3 of 3
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. Depth to the seasonal high saturation
ranges from 1 foot above the surface to 0.5 foot below the surface at some time from October
to June in most years. Ponded phases have a seasonal high saturation from 4 foot above the
surface to 0.5 foot below the surface throughout the year. Surface runoff is neglible to low.
Permeability is moderately rapid to moderately slow in the organic portion and moderately
slow or moderate in the mineral substratum. Stratified substratum phases have saturated
hydraulic conductivity ranging up to moderately rapid or rapid in the individual sand strata.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of these soils are in woodland, however some are in sedge and
cattails. Vegetation includes white cedar, alder, and balsam fir. A few areas are cleared and are
used for pasture.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northern Lower Peninsula and Upper Peninsula of Michigan,
northern Minnesota, northern Wisconsin and upper New England.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Delta County, Michigan, 1969.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: sapric material from
the surface to 23 inches (Oal, Oa2, and Oa3 horizons); terric feature at 23 inches (Cg horizon);
aquic moisture regime (low chroma in the soil moisture control section.)
Appendix C
Historic Aerial Photographs (1938 — 1991)
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Appendix D
Plant Species List (January 2008)
Notes on Trees of Lilleskogen Park (January 2008)
Native Sedge/Wet Meadow Seed Mix
Mixed Emergent Marsh Plant List
Woodland Seed-Plant List
Table 1.Vascular Plant Species List
Lilleskogen Park,Scandia, Minnesota
December 2007 and January 2008 Field Surveys
Critical Connections Ecological Services, Inc.
Scientific Name Common Name Native/Exotic
Coniferous Trees
Abies balsamea Balsam Fir Native
Juniperus virginiana Eastern red cedar Native
Picea glauca White spruce Native
Picea pungens Colorado Blue Spruce Exotic
Pinus resinosa Red pine Native
Pinus strobus White pine Native
Pinus sylvestris Scotch pine Exotic
Thuja occidentalis White Cedar Native
Deciduous Trees
Acer negundo Box elder Native
Acerrubrum Red maple Native
Acersaccharum Sugar Maple Native
Betula papyrifera Paper Birch Native
Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Native
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green ash Native
Populus deltoides Cottonwood Native
Populus tremuloides Quaking aspen Native
Prunus serotina Black cherry Native
Quercus alba White oak Native
Quercus ellipsoidalis Northern pin oak Native
Robinia pseudoacacia Black locust Exotic
Salix abla Weeping willow Exotic
Ulmus americana American elm Native
Ulmus siberica Siberian elm Exotic
Deciduous Shrubs
Amelanchier sp. Serviceberry Undetermined Species
Cornus foemina Gray dogwood Native
Cornus sericea Red dogwood Native
Lonicera tatarica Tartarian honeysuckle Exotic
Rhamnus cathartica Common buckthorn Exotic
Rhamnus frangula Glossy buckthorn Exotic
Ribes spp. Wild current Undetermined Species
Rubus spp. Blackberrys Undetermined Species
Sambucus canadensis Elderberry Native
Spiraea X bumalda 'Anthony Waterer' Anothony Waterer spiraea Cultivar
Viburnum trilobum American Cranberrybush Native
Zanthoxylum americanum Prickly-Ash Native
Page 1
Table 1.Vascular Plant Species List(continued)
Scientific Name Common Name Native/Exotic
Herbaceouus Plants
Artcium minus Burrdock Exotic
Calamagrostis canadensis Canada blue joint grass Native
Canada thistle Cirsium arvense Exotic
Carex blanda Common wood sedge Native
Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge Native
Cirsium vulgare Bull thistle Exotic
Epilobium coloratum Willow herb Native
Galium aparine Cleavers Native
Galium asprellum Rough bedstraw Native
Geum canadense White avens Native
Geum macrophyllum Large-leaf avens Native
Leonurus cardiaca Motherwort Exotic
Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive fern Native
Osmunda claytonii Interrupted fern Native
Phalaris arundinacea Reed canary grass Invasive Cultivar(Native)
Pilea pumila Clearweed Native
Plantago major Common plantain Exotic
Polygonum amphibium Water smartweed Native
Polygonum pensylvanicum Pennsylvania smartweed Native (Noxious Weed)
Polygonum sagittatum Sagittate leaved tearthumb Native
Scirpus cyperinus Wool grass Native
Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod Native
Solidago gigantea Giant Goldenrod Native
Thelypteris palustris Northern marsh fern Native
Urtica dioica Stinging nettle Native
Verbascum thapsus Mullien Exotic
Verbena hastata Blue vervain Native
Verbena urticifolia White vervain Native
Vines
Solanum dulchamara Deadly nightshade Exotic
Vitis riparia River grape Native
Note: This partial vascualr plant species list was generated by Critical Connections Ecological Services, Inc.
from winter botanical surveys of the park conductedin December 2007 and Janurary 2008.
Additiona/native and non-native plant species are likely to be present within Lilleskogen Park.
Page 2
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Table 3. Lilleskogen Park: Native Sedge/Wet Meadow Seed Mix
Common Name Botanical Name Indicator Status % of Mix
Grasses Slough grass,American Beckmannia syzigachne OBL 25.0%
Brome, fringed Bromus ciliata FACW 5.0°/a
Blue-joint grass Ca/amagrostis canadensis OBL 1.0%
Wild-rye, Virginia E/ymus virginicus FACW- 25.0%
Manna grass, reed Glyceria grandis OBL 1.0%
Manna grass, fowl Glyceria striata OBL 1.0%
Bluegrass, fowl Poa Pa/ustris FACW+ 25.0%
Graminoids Sedge, bottlebrush Carex comosa OBL 1.0%
Sedge, tussock Carex stricta OBL 0.5%
Sedge, fox Carex vu/pinoidea OBL 2.0%
Rush, slender Juncus tenuis FAC 0.3%
Bulrush, green Scripus atrovirens OBL 1.0%
Wool grass Scripus cyperinus OBL 0.1%
Bulrush, river Scripus f/uviatilis OBL 0.4%
Bulrush, soft-stem Scripus validus OBL 1.6%
Forbs Anemone, Canada Anemone canadensis FACW 0.6%
Milkweed, marsh Asclepias incarnata OBL 1.0%
Aster, swamp Aster puniceus OBL 0.2%
Aster, flat-topped Aster umbellatus FACW 0.4%
Joe-pye weed Eupatorium macu/atum OBL 0.2%
Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum FACW+ 0.2°/a
Goldenrod, grass-leaved Euthamia graminifolia FACW- 0.1°/a
Sneezeweed Helenium autumnale FACW+ 0.2%
Sunflower, serrated Helianthus grosseserratus FACW- 0.4%
Iris, blue-flag Iris versicolor OBL 4.6%
Blazingstar, meadow Liatris ligulistylis FACU+ 0.6%
Lobelia, great-blue Lobe/ia siphilitica FACW+ 0.2%
Monkey flower Mimulus ringens OBL 0.1%
Mint, mountain Pycnanthemum virginianum FACW+ 0.2%
Goldenrod, giant Solidago gigantea FACW 0.2%
Vervain, blue Verbena hastata FACW+ 0.4%
Ironweed Veronia fascicu/ata FACW 0.4%
Culver's root Veronicastrum virginicum FAC 0.1%
Total: 100.0%
Seeding Application Rate: 8.0 PLS Ibs/acre
' Note: Where possible, all seed should be of local ecotype and native to the Minneapolis/
St. Paul region.
Table 5.Woodland Seed/Plant List
For Future Forest and Woodland Restoration
Lilleskogen Park,Scandia, Minnesota
Critical Connections Ecological Services, Inc.
Scientific Name Common Name
Deciduous Shrubs
Cornus stolonifera Red-osier dogwood
Cornus racemosa Gray dogwood
Corylus americana American hazelnut
Diervilla lonicera Bush honeysuckle
Ilex verticillata Winterberry
Prunus virginiana Chokecherry
Sambucus racemosa Red-berried Elder
Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush blueberry
Viburnum lentago Nannyberry
Viburnum rafinesquianum Downy arrow-wood
Viburnum trilobum American Cranberrybush
Herbaceouus Plants
Actaea rubra Red baneberry
Anemone quinquefolia Wood-anemone
Arisaema triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit
Aquilegia canadensis Columbine
Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue cohosh
Hepatica acutiloba Sharp-lobed hepatica
Hepatica americana Round-lobed hepatica
Geranium maculatum Wild geranium
Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower
Polygonatum biflorum Giant Solomon's-seal
Smilacina racemosa False Solomon's-seal
Solidago flexicaulis Zig-zag goldenrod
Thalictrum dasycarpum Tall meadow-rue
Trientalis borealis Starflower
Zizia aurea Golden alexanders
Grasses and Sedges
Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge
Oryzopsis asperifolia Moutain rice-grass
Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush grass
Carex blanda Charming sedge
Ferns
Athyrium filix femina Lady-fern
Pteridium aquilinum Bracken
Osmunda claytoniana Interrupted fern
Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich-fern
Page 1
Table 4. Lilleskogen Park: Mixed Emergent Marsh Plant List and Quantities
Common Name Botanical Name Plugs Needed
Grasses Bluejoint Ca/amagrostis canadensis 800
Northern manna grass G/yceria borealis 325
Tall manna-grass Glyceria grandis 325
Prairie cord-grass Spartina pectinata 325
Wild rice Zizania pa/ustris 325
Sedges and Bristly sedge Carex comosa 420
Rushes Lake Sedge Carex lacustris 420
Pointed-broom sedge Carex scoparia 120
Ovoid spikerush E/eocharis ovata 120
Canadarush Juncus canadensis 120
Hard-stemmed bulrush Scirpus acutus 120
Dark green bulrush Scirpus atrovirens 420
Wool-grass Scirpus cyperinus 120
River bulrush Scirpus fluviatilis 120
Softstem bulrush Scirpus validus 120
Forbs Sweet flag Acorus americanus 105
Heart-leaved water-plantain Alisma subcordatum 280
Ordinary water-plantain Alisma triviale 105
Panicled aster Aster lanceolatus 105
Bulb-bearing water-hemlock Cicuta bulbifera 105
Spotted water-hemlock Cicuta macu/ata 105
Spotted Joe-pye weed Eupatorium macu/atum 280
Common boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum 105
Northern blue flag Iris versicolor 280
Cut-leaved bugleweed Lycopus americanus 105
Fringed loosestrife Lysimachia ciliata 105
Purple monkey-flower Mimu/us ringens 105
Water smartweed Po/ygonum amphibium 105
Broad-leaved arrowhead Sagittaria latifolia 280
Sessile-fruited arrowhead Sagittaria rigida 105
Marsh skullcap Scutellaria galericulata 105
Mad-dog skullcap Scutellaria/ateriflora 105
Water-parsnip Sium suave 105
Giant bur-reed Sparganium eurycarpum 105
Blue vervain Verbena hasfata 105
Total Plugs 7,000
Plugs should be planted every two feet(2')on center
"' Note: Where possible, all seed should be of local ecotype and native to the Minneapolis/
St. Paul region.
Appendix E
Cost Estimate
City of Scandia Lilleskogen Park SRF Consulting Group,Inc.
Preliminary Cost Estimate January 3,2007
Project No.6315
UNIT LEGENDS: LS=Lump Sum,SF=Square Feet,SY=Square Yards,EA=Each,
LF=Lineal Foot,FF=Face Feet,CY=Cubic Yards
/ /
Lilleskogen Park-Preliminary Cost Estimate 1/3/07
Estimated Unit Cost Total
No. Section 1 -Site Survevinp t . Unit in Dollars lln Dollars
Provide all necessary construction surveying and staking to meet layout
1 and grading requirements for all facets of paving and site improvements 1 LS $7,000.00 $7,000.00
work-complete.
Section 1 -Site Surveying Total $7,000.00
Estimated Totai
No. Section 2-Earthwork t . Unit Unit Cost in Dollarsl Iln Dollarsl
On-site earthwork as required to achieve plan grades and an on-site
balance-complete including 1)misc.tree removal 2)stripping,
stockpiling,respreading,and fine grading of topsoil;3)common
1 excavation of subsoil materials to achieve subgrade elevations required 1 LS $25,000.00 $25,000.00
to construct parking lot,curbing,trails,walks, bioretention areas 4)
grade maintenance and tree protection as necessary for the duration of
construction;5 use of erosion control measures
Section 2-Earthwork Total $25,000.00
Estimated Unit Cost Total
No. Section 3-Site Utilities t . Unit in Dollars In Dollars
1 Furnish and install 15"RCP 50 LF $28.00 $1,400.00
2 Furnish and install control structure 1 EA $5,000.00 $5,000.00
3 Furnish and install rip rap at pipe and control structure outlets 4 EA $400.00 $1,600.00
Section 3-Site Utilities Total $8,000.00
Estimated Unit Cost Total
No. Section 4-Bituminous.Concrete Pavement and Boardwalk t . Unit (in Dollars) In Dollars
1 Furnish and install bituminous paving for parking lot 500 SY $26.00 $13,000.00
2 Furnish and install bituminous paving for 6'wide trail 1,803 SY $20.00 $36,060.00
3 Furnish and install 6'wide boardwalk 415 LF $150.00 $62,250.00
4 Furnish and install 8'x 15'boardwalk overlook 120 SF $50.00 $6,000.00
5 Furnish and install 66-12 concrete curb and gutter 320 LF $15.00 $4,800.00
6 Furnish and install 4"thick concrete paving for picnic shelter area 1,593 SF $5.00 $7,965.00
Section 4-Bituminous 8 Concrete Pavement Total $130,075.00
Estimated Unit Cost Total
No. Section 5-Electrical Qtv. Unit (in Dollars) (In Dollars)
1 Fumish and install security light for parking lot 1 EA $5,000.00 $5,000.00
Section 5-Electrical Total $5,000.00
Total PHASE 1 Improvements $175,075.00
City of Scandia Lilleskogen Park SRF Consulting Group,Inc.
Preliminary Cost Estimate January 3,2007
Project No.6315
Estimated Unit Cost Total
No. Section 6-Ve etation Removals t . Unit in Dollars In D II rs
1 Clear and grub existing red pines for parking lot and trail alignment 25 EA $300.00 $7,500.00
2 Clear,grub,and herbicide treatment for honeysuckle and buckthorn 2 AC $3,000.00 $6,000.00
understory removals
3 Clear and grub invasive aspen,box elder,elm,black willow 2 AC $3,000.00 $6,000.00
4 Herbicide treatment for reed canary grass removals 1 AC $2,000.00 $2,000.00
5 Complete prescribed burns for reed canary grass and woodland invasive � LS $2,000.00 $2,000.00
removals(every 3 to 5 years)
Section 6-Removais Total $21,500.00
Estimated Unit Cost Total
No. Section 7-Landsca in -ve etation restoration Qtv. Unit in Dollars In Dollars
1 Furnish and install oversto tree oak ma le linden 50 EA $150.00 $7,500.00
Furnish and install understory tree(ironwood, pagoda dogwood, 100 EA $75.00 $7,500.00
2 nann ber viburnum
2 AC $3,000.00 $6,000.00
3 Furnish and install wetland seed mix
4 Fumish and install wetland edge plucis(if needed) 1 LS $5,000.00 $5,000.00
Section 7-Landscaping Total-vegetation restoration $26,000.00
Total PHASE 2 Improvements $47,500.00
Estimated Unit Cost Tota�
No. Section 8-Site Furnishin s/Misc�ellaneous Qtv. Unit (in Dollars In Dollars
1 EA $15,000.00 $15,000.00
1 Furnish and install timber icnic shelter
3 EA $1,500.00 $4,500.00
2 Furnish and install icnic table
6 EA $500.00 $3,000.00
3 Furnish and install bench
4 Furnish and install drinkin fountain � EA $5,000.00 $5,000.00
5 Furnish and install bike rack 1 EA $500.00 $500.00
6 Furnish and install park entrance sign 1 LS $5,000.00 $5,000.00
7 Furnish and install interpretive signage 10 LS $300.00 $3,000.00
Section 8-Site Furnishings/Miscellaneous Total $36,000.00
City of Scandia Lilleskogen Park SRF Consulting Group,Inc.
Preliminary Cost Estimate January 3,2007
Project No.6315
Estimated Unit Cost Total Cost
No. Section 9-Landsca�ina-butterFlv aarden entrv Qtv. Unit (in Dollarsl Iln Dollars)
1 Furnish and install a astache foeniculum 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
2 Furnish and install bi bluestem 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
3 Furnish and install black e ed susan 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
4 Furnish and install blazin star 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
5 Furnish and install butterfl weed 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
6 Furnish and install blazin star 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
7 Furnish and install com ass lant 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
8 Furnish and install olden alexander 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
9 Furnish and install helo sis 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
10 Furnish and install indian rass 415 EA $5.00 $2,075.00
11 Furnish and install�une rass 415 EA $5.00 $2,075.00
12 Furnish and install�oe e weed 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
13 Furnish and install little bluestem 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
14 Furnish and install lu ine 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
15 Furnish and install monarda 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
16 Furnish and install new en land aster 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
17 Furnish and install ohio s iderwort 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
18 Furnish and install rairie dro seed 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
19 Furnish and install rairie hlox 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
20 Furnish and install purple coneflower 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
21 Furnish and install side oats grama 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
22 Furnish and install skyblue aster 165 EA $5.00 $825.00
23 Furnish and install swamp milkweed 100 EA $5.00 $500.00
24 Furnish and install switchgrass 830 EA $5.00 $4,150.00
25 Furnish and install wildflower seed mix 1 LS $500.00 $500.00
Section 9-Landscaping Total-butterfly garden entry $25,800.00
Total PHASE 3 Improvements $61,800.00
Subtotal: $284,375.00
10%Contingency $28,437.50
Total Estimated Construction Cost: $312,812.50
Appendix F
Watershed District Correspondence
� - ` _�.- �" �` ... I '' F"".�^... .�
� .� � .� �.� _ • `�������.?,�.J
. .. .-- ' '. . � - _ . . . .
Carneliaa-Maris�e-St. Croix �IiTatershed nista�ict
� Scandia Plaza II•211 SO Ozark Avenue•P.O.Bos 188•Scandia,MN 550T3 •Te1651
- --_ _
-
- - -----REC_E.l _ ---- -
F E� `L 7 2008
February 26, 2008
CITY OF SCANDIA
Anne Hurlburt, City Administrator
City of Scandia
14727 209'�Street N
Scandia, MN 55073
Dear Ms Hurlburt:
Thank you for the opportunity to comment on the city's preliminary plans for Lilleskogen
Park. In general, the District supports the concept of preservation of open space for the
public and specifically the inteipretive aspects available with this project regarding storm
water management and natural resource protection. I am confident that our Board would
approve some portions of this project for District cost-sharing and provide letters of
support for any grant applications.
I would suggest that the City contact MN DOT regarding the possibility of wetland
banking to help defray some of the costs for the re-establishment of wetlands on the
project. This strategy was successfully employed in Marine when DNR Parks
reconstructed a stream and wetlands complex as part of the Mill Stream watershed
several years ago.
I also enclose comments from Dan Fabian,District Engineer, and look forward to
working with the City on this project in the future. Please do not hesitate to call with any
questions.
Si erely,
./ �
J�m Shaver, Adm�mstrator
Cc: Dan Fabian
File
Encl.
e-mail jimShaver(c�CMSCWD.or� website CMSCWD.org
�
MEMORANDUM �i1°`�s
&OI�VIER
R�SOEJRCES
--�-- _---
..,--�_ _. — —
651 Hale Ave N.
Oakdale,MN 55128
Phone: (651)770-8448
Dabe: Februarv 25,2008 Fez: (s��)na2�2
E-mail: dfabian�eorine.com
To: Jim Shaver,WD Administrator cc:
From: Daniel A. F�abian. P.E. Totat Pages: 1
Subject: Review of Preliminarv Lilleskoeen Park Restoration Plan in Citv of Scandia
CMSCR'D Comment No. C08-0005
Comments�
1, The proposed wetland/upland restoration work and educational components of the proposed
park restoration plan are consistent with the goals and policies of the Carnelian Marine St.
Croix Watershed District(District)_
2. Based on the information provided in the plan the wetlands involved appear to be Class 3
wetlands(per District's Comprehensive Wetlands Management Plan). They have a
minimum average buffer width of 50-feet. Impervious areas are not allowed within the
buffer so the final location of the proposed educa6onal trails may need to be adjusted slightly
in some azeas to meet this requirement.
3. For the proposed restoration of wetland hydrology, a hydrologic analysis will need to be
completed on the proposed outlet structure(ditch block)to demonstrate that project will not
cause increased flooding on adjacent properties. Proposed development projects will need to
meet District water quality and quantity requirements.
4. Proposed projects will probably require a District permit. Prior to construction,a permit
application and supporting documentation should be completed and submitted to District for
review and approval.
5. We recommend that the District encourage the City to implement the proposed plan. Further
the District may also want to consider parniering with the City in applying for grants and
potential District BMP Program projects as they seek to implement their restoration plan.
1